The major disadvantage to synthetic oils is the initial cost, which is approximately three times higher than mineral-based oils. However, the initial premium is usually recovered over the life of the product, which is about three times longer than conventional lubricants. The higher cost makes it...
Among ILs properties of interest are their non– inflammability, thermal stability, low vapor pressure, and especially their impressive tunability and synthetic versatility [76]. It was only in 2007, that this solvent was used for the extraction of bioactive compounds. From this year forward, a ...
Polymer flooding is a proven chemical Enhanced Oil Recovery (cEOR) method that boosts oil production beyond waterflooding. Thorough theoretical and practical knowledge has been obtained for this technique through numerous experimental, simulation, and fi
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The majority of the agricultural production depends on synthetic fertilizers. In the 21st century, agriculture faces various challenges. It has to meet food and industrial needs of the growing population while protecting the environment. In 2015, the world population was 7.35 billion while projections...
Scientific and patent literature on the problems of improvement of the service properties of synthetic ester oils by addition of different antioxidants is surveyed. The main tendencies are established for the development of research on the design, application, and mechanism of the effect of inhibitors...
“conventional agriculture” as the predominant type of intensive agriculture in the European Union (EU), typically with high inputs of synthetic pesticides and mineral fertilisers, and a high proportion of conventionally-produced concentrate feed in animal production. Conversely, “organic agriculture” ...
Lasers are the pillars of modern optics and sensing. Microlasers based on whispering-gallery modes (WGMs) are miniature in size and have excellent lasing characteristics suitable for biosensing. WGM lasers have been used for label-free detection of singl
20 Usually, the metallic bonds of the monolayer CBN wheels are primarily produced by electroplating and brazing; meanwhile, the electroless plating process is also reported infrequently.4 Fig. 5, Fig. 6 display the sample morphology and grain protrusion of monolayer electroplated and brazed CBN ...
Black pepper is one of the most commonly consumed spices, and its pungency is due to the presence of an alkaloid known as piperine, volatile chemical constituents, and essential oils. Piperine is found in black pepper (piper nigrum), white pepper, and long pepper (piper longum) belonging to...