and you can see past evidence of edema in the form of yellow-colored “hard exudates”. These exudates are fatty lipids that are left behind after past macular swelling subsides, similar to a dirt ring in a
Demyelinating disease of the nerve head (optic neuritis or papillitis) produces disc edema along with loss of central vision in the affected eye only; subjectively unrecognized scotomas may sometimes be found in the other eye. Demyelination of the optic nerve behind the point where the reti...
it extracts a chemical substance called vasoformative. This substance leads to the growth of new blood vessels to prevent from loss of oxygen, which is dangerous. The new blood vessels are fragile, feeble, and are in form of bundles so theybleed. Thebleedingcreates clothes on the retina, whi...
Many patients report adecrease in bleeding when brushing their teeth after this treatmem. In situations where the disease has progressed beyond just gum innammation (a periodontal evaluation and ~-rays are needed to make Ihis determination). more advanced therapy may be indicated. An e~citing,...
These techniques are cumbersome, difficult, and time-consuming, and could result in significant bleeding. I also frequently used viscodissection to create space and separate tissues so that abnormal fibrovascular tissues could be removed safely. This has all changed with the current technology. Rather...
In another patient, for whom I performed a lens exchange and pars plana vitrectomy, superficial bleeding occurred when I extracted the trocar, leaving behind a few small drops of blood in the vitreous. I used an optomap image to explain the situation and assure him that it would resolve, wh...
Furthermore, an important difference was that minimized CPB was associated with increased post-CPB bleeding and platelet transfusion.27,28 Historically, bubble oxygenators were associated with increased retinal microemboli and postoperative neurocognitive deficits.27–31 These oxygenators, however, are ...