During synaptic vesicle recycling, the lumen of the vesicle is reacidified by virtue of the action of a V-type ATPase that develops a pH gradient and the proton motive force providing the energy to drive neurotransmitter uptake. When an inhibitor of this proton pump is applied to synapses duri...
The study on the structure differentiation and organelle function under different physiological status in ciliates was carried out with transmission electron microscopy. It was shown that an axostyle like structure was present in the cytoplasm of vegetative Pseudourostyla cristata . The structure, which...
Regardless, most of amoebal diversity is expected to be passive, that is, in the form of resting cysts that do not participate in mass and energy cycling. Thus, the composition of an active community, that is, the fraction of species actually participating in the ecosystem functioning, is ...
Initial simulations of Si homoepitaxy showed that two parameters, the second‐nearest neighbor interaction energy, , and a surface dimer interaction energy, , were critical for obtaining realistic simulations. was required for obtaining layer‐by‐layer growth and flat (001) surfaces. in order to ...
the lysoome,in which the digestive duration was bound up with the energy consumption;③The mitochondria that were mostly converged to each other might be the non functional organelles in the resting cell while a few of those separately scattered in the cytoplasm might be the functional organelles...
In this paper, three techniques are discussed that provide information on process-induced local mechanical stress in silicon: the convergent beam electron diffraction technique of transmission electron microscopy, X-ray micro-diffraction and micro-Raman spectroscopy. We discuss the principles of these ...
The 2-60 keV X-ray spectrum of the Cassiopeia A supernova remnant has been measured using the Rossi X-ray Timing Explorer. This spectrum clearly reveals a nonthermal high-energy X-ray ``tail.'' A timing analysis of this data does not sho... GE Allen,EV Gotthelf,K Jahoda,... - Bu...
What is the significance of the lysosomal membrane? You are an impermeable cell and consequently you don't have enough energy to survive. What will your strategy to artificially create a membrane potential? What are the two events that might occur to cause the membrane voltage to change from ...
Cellular respiration is a fundamental process of generating energy, in the form of ATP, which is instrumental to any living organism on the planet. Two major types of cellular respiration are aerobic and anaerobic and based on the availability of o...
Spiking neural networks (SNNs) are considered as the third generation of artificial neural networks, having the potential to improve the energy efficiency of conventional computing systems. Although the firing rate of a spiking neuron is an approximation of rectified linear unit (ReLU) activation in ...