a Respiratory system and components of breath. b The simulation scheme that simulates the diffusion of VOC from the cells to the exhaled air. λf:b –partition coefficient between fat and blood, and λb:a –partition coefficient between blood and air. Reproduced with permission from ref. 286...
The human respiratory system is comprised of special organs designed to take in oxygen for the air we breathe and expel carbon monoxide, keeping us alive. Let's take a closer look at these organs and explore respiratory physiology in more detail.
Even though the respiratory system is highly integrated with other body systems such as the musculoskel- etal, central nervous, and endocrine systems, the respira- tory system has been well recognized as the limiting factor in determining athletic performance. For this reason, even early, mild, ...
The respiratory system’s complex cellular heterogeneity presents unique challenges to researchers in this field. Although bulk RNA sequencing and single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) have provided insights into cell types and heterogeneity in the resp
Health disparities, defined as a significant difference in health between populations, are more common for diseases of the respiratory system than for those of other organ systems, because of the environmental influence on breathing and the variation of the environment among different segments of the ...
Embolization of other organ systems is also a possibility. If the thrombus becomes infected, septic emboli and potential abscess formation may result. Surgical intervention in the management of pulmonary AV fistulas becomes necessary when cardiac symptoms are more pronounced, significant respiratory ...
In this system, a mobility-driven metapopulation model describing the spatiotemporal transmission of respiratory virus across locations is iteratively updated using the latest observed incidence13. Observations from one location are used to adjust the model state and estimate incidence in other locations,...
inhibition of the system Xc − restricts the transport of cystine into the cell, thereby reducing cysteine synthesis and consequently diminishing GSH production. This leads to the depletion of GPX4, the generation of lipid ROS, and ultimately the onset of ferroptosis [56,57]. GPX4, or pho...
The other electron is transferred via heme units to the cytoplasmic side where it reduces PQ to PQH. This process is repeated in order to reduce PQH to PQH2. Overall 2 PQH2 are oxidized on the luminal side of the membrane, releasing 2 PQ, 2 electrons to Pc or cyt c6 and 4 ...
Amantadine or rimantadine may cause gastrointestinal upset and central nervous system (CNS) side effects. CNS intolerance is more common with amantadine and, when severe, can be manifested as agitation, psychosis, seizures, and coma. Mild complaints include insomnia, dizziness, anxiety, dry mouth,...