the high respiratory muscles activity per breath places the patient at risk of self-inflicted lung injury (P-SILI) [3]. Indeed, patients with a high respiratory drive may experience increased regional stress and strain in dependent lung regions due to the pendelluft phenomenon, characterized, earl...
membranes through the RSV-F fusion glycoprotein. Its intracellular replication then begins upon insertion of its nucleocapsid into the host cell[56]. This further leads to activation of humoral and host cytotoxic T-cell, in which when combined with viral cytotoxicity, it results in necrosis of ...
there are cyclic changes in the shape and amplitude of theP waves. These changes are most pronounced in the leads where the P waves have the largest amplitude (leads II, III, and aVF), although there may be some morphology variation in all leads. The cause of these changes is attributed ...
Respiratory alkalosis is a disturbance in acid and base balance due to alveolar hyperventilation. Alveolar hyperventilation leads to a decreased partial pressure of arterial carbon dioxide (PaCO2). In turn, the decrease in PaCO2 increases the ratio of bicarbonate (HCO3-) concentration to PaCO2, thereb...
[11]. It is characterized by recurrent episodes of wheezing, breathlessness, coughing, and chest tightness [11]. Severe asthma or asthma that is chronic or poorly controlled may lead to airway and lung remodeling that involves deposition of fibrotic tissue which leads to constriction of the ...
RSV may get serious quickly. If it spreads, it may lead to pneumonia or bronchiolitis. When RSV leads to lung inflammation, it may be very serious, especially for young infants and toddlers, older adults, and people who are immunocompromised or have chronic heart or lung disease. ...
thereby exhibiting anticancer effects. Mechanistically, its role has been linked to ferroptosis, NCOA4-mediated ferritin autophagy, and the upregulation of prion protein (PRNP). Additionally, it leads to the downregulation of Poly(rC)-binding protein 2 (PCBP2), resulting in elevated intracellular ...
This vague description of underlying disease mechanisms leads to non-specific treatment schemes that may ultimately decrease the effectiveness of treatment for these diseases. In addition, tuberculosis and pneumonia place a substantial economic burden on the patients’ families and society. Therefore, ...
This leads to an overgrowth of Gram-negative bacteria in the stomach and retrograde pharyngeal colonization.12 Anticancer therapy appears to be one of the main causes of serious pulmonary toxicity in patients. Although it is difficult to characterize because of the confounding effects of the ...
Traditionally, the level of arterial CO2partial pressure (Paco2) that defines acute respiratory failure has been 50 mm Hg or greater, if accompanied by arterialacidosiswith a pH of 7.30 or less. The Paco2is linked to pH because it is generally thought that acidosis leads to tissue dysfunction ...