Antimicrobial resistance (AMR) has been described as “one of the biggest threats to global health, food security and development today”. AMR occurs when microbes – bacteria, fungi, parasites and viruses – evolve to the point where antimicrobial d...
For some diseases, ferroptosis seems to contribute to the development, such as ischemia-reperfusion-injury and liver fibrosis. While in cancer, ferroptosis has been reported to be a new weapon for the immune system to inhibit the initiation and development of cancer [10]. It was suggested that...
Prior to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, antibiotic resistance was listed as the major global health care priority. Some analyses, including the O’Neill report, have predicted that deaths due to drug-resistant bacterial infections may eclipse the total number of cancer deaths by 2050. Although fungal ...
Poultry is considered as the major reservoir of Campylobacter. The prevalence of C. jejuni in chicken meat was reported as 13.7% (31/227) in Tianjin[10] and 17.2% (52/302) in central China[11]. In addition, Campylobacter can also inhabit cattle, pigs, ducks, dogs, and other wild and...
The sharpness of separation in a gas-liquid chromatographic column is effected by longitudinal molecular diffusion, slowness to reach absorption equilibrium, and by flow irregularities in channels and across the column. The total effect of all these causes can be described by a simple equation which...
While predictive quality monitoring, is to predict the quality of a manufacturing operation before the actual operation happens, so that necessary measures can be undertaken even before the quality deficiency happens (Zhou et al. 2020a). Note this is a different welding machine with much more ...
While some antibiotics, such as the semisynthetic penicillins and the quinolones, can be taken orally, others must be given by intramuscular or intravenous injection.Categories of antibiotics Antibiotics can be categorized by their spectrum of activity—namely, whether they are narrow-, broad-, or ...
As displayed in the figure to the right, antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and AMR determinants can be transmitted via the three settings (depicted by the yellow, green and blue circles). The reservoirs of AMR in each setting are included in each circle. The transmission of AMR between the setti...
bacterial host and plasmids under the stress of antibiotics14,21,22,23, expanding our understanding as to how MDR plasmids evolve and persist in bacterial pathogens. Specifically, the fitness burden conferred by MDR plasmids can be ameliorated through downregulation of plasmid gene expression24,25or ...
Antibiotic degrading bacteria can reduce the efficacy of drug treatments by providing antibiotic exposure protection to pathogens. While this has been demonstrated at the ecological timescale, it is unclear how exposure protection might alter and be affe