Rome expanded its influence in regions adjoining the Mediterranean sea, Parthia in what was once the Persian empire east of the Euphrates river. In this way, they were destined to clash--or at least that is the conclusion of most modern scholars who have put pen to paper on the topic of...
Although the Dutch did not arrive in the Persian Gulf until 1623, Dutch interest in that part of the world began much earlier. Prior to that date Dutchmen had come to the Gulf as part of Portuguese operations rather than to advance Dutch interests.1 Until 1594 direct maritime voyages from ...
From the 80s until just a few years ago, the ultimate experiment in German Idealist philosophy merging with French pretension and Anglo-Protestant moralism was regarded as not only serious, but became the dominant intellectual framework in numerous parts of the world’s academic establishments. This...
A. Silverstone Keywords Liberalism · International relations theory · Military force · Power · War · Institutions · Economic interdependence · Democratic peace Introduction In the field of international relations, most scholars acknowledge that the realist tradition, with its pessimistic claims about...
On the one hand, Britain could no longer afford to maintain its empire as it had paid a terrible price in terms of lives as well as economic destruction during the war. 另一方面,随着民族主义的兴起和许多殖民地争取自治的斗争,英国意识到应该给予国家独立,让它们自己管理自己的事务。
Georgia and Iran: Three Millennia of Cultural Relations An OverviewGEORGIAGEORGIAN-IRANIAN RELATIONSCULTURAL INTERACTIONPERSIAN INFLUENCEWhen Georgia was incorporated into the Russian Empire, the rich background of interaction with Persian culture, the result of centuries of contact, was lost to the ...
The US Administration may not agree to Israel’s counter-terrorism, as it was in 1981, when the US Administration punished Israel for destroying the Iraqi nuclear reactor. Draining the Palestinian swamp of hate-education would advance the interest of most Palestinians who reject terrorism, corruption...
Men and women screaming, gunfire, sounds of breaking glass, and the furious exchanges of the Persian dialect disrupted the calm office setting. Sixty Americans crammed into a small office room not knowing what was happening, we (the sixty Americans) were being bombarded with hateful slurs of “...
[Samarakand, Uzbekistan] and Cyra in Sogdiana. Cyra was the last city founded by Cyrus and was situated on the Iaxartes river, which was the boundary of the Persian empire. They also say that, although this settlement was fond of Cyrus, he razed it to the ground...
the Persian, Sasanian empire was well-established as a major power (functioning from the third to seventh centuries CE), but he also has in mind the earlier Parthian, Arsacid empire (third century BCE-third century CE) and, of course, the...