3.1. Pre-processing Using Fast Bilateral Filter Unlike Gaussian filtering, which smoothens uniformly, FBF respects edges in the image by weighting the influence of neighboring pixels based on both spatial and i
All the pixels in the vector field finally “vote” to determine the category of the spatial orientation relation between a group of targets. For the judgment of the target category, we follow the detection scheme of key points and realize the target category’s judgment by estimating the ...
The proposed framework is a relation network (RN), whose objective is to learn the similarity between pairs of samples (pixels) in the same hyperspectral images. Once trained, the proposed relation network is able to classify each testing sample in the hyperspectral images by computing the ...
Advanced geospatial analyses have underscored the effectiveness of Indigenous territories in avoiding deforestation, particularly across the tropics. However, the factors that shape such avoidance and their social-ecological contexts are still poorly und
(2) The existing detection models fail to make full use of prior knowledge and ignore the inseparable relations between smoke and other objects, while these contextual relations are exactly important; (3) There may be some regions in the background that are similar to the smoke shape, which ...
Using the interpersonal relation dataset, they trained the new Siamese network end-to-end to map raw pixels of a pair of face images to relation traits. Then, they performed relation traits reasoning using face rep- resentation and additional spatial cues. In this work, authors proposed a ...
Using this sampling scheme, an average of 9 sections were counted Quantification of total tau burden in the locus coeruleus The overall burden of pathological tau in the locus coer- uleus was estimated as the percentage of pixels associ- ated with tau staining within the locus coeruleus area,...
Visual stimuli were rendered at the display’s native resolution and frame rate of 2, 560 × 1, 440 pixels at 70 Hz. For dichoptic stimulation, the rivalrous stimuli were presented at different locations side-by-side on the HMD screen while each stimulus could only be viewed by one eye ...
Samples are taken with known features in the field and compared with spectral signatures of pixels in the input images. These image classifications were performed using a widely used maximum likelihood classifier technique (Settle and Briggs 1987; Liang et al. 2022). For multi-temporal ...
1(a). According to studies (Xie et al., 2021), the small receptive field of convolution in each layer of a CNN can make it difficult for the network to focus on long-range pixels and leverage global features (Wang et al., 2023a). To overcome this challenge, some local–global-based...