Calorimetric work provides accurate heat capacity data which enable to derive thermodynamic functions including the enthalpy and entropy. The latter quantity is especially important in judging whether the material obeys the third law of thermodynamics. However, calorimetric work leads occasionally to an ...
The relations to describe the Helmholtz and Gibbs energies, enthalpies, entropies, heat capacity, speed of sound, and fugacity coefficients are presented. These relations are then used with equations of state for the calculation of enthalpy and entropy departure functions and fugacity coefficient. Ther...
It has to be considered, however, that the DSC data indicate drastic differences of the enthalpy change Δ Hc for lipid A from Coxiella (6–9 kJ/mole) as compared to hexaacyl lipid A from enterobacterial strains (20 to 30 kJ/mole [23]). On the basis of the number of CH2 groups, ...
Consequently, mesogens realign and conform to the initial crosslinked state, restoring the stretched shape and macroscopic anisotropy (an enthalpy-driven process). This reversibility distinguishes LCEs from one-way shape memory polymers, rendering them two-way shape memory polymers [25]. It should be ...
In view of this, process assessment should turn from traditional heat and mass balances toward incorporating exergy analysis. Traditional energy (enthalpy) balances are aimed at reducing heat losses or toward improving energy recovery [2]; however, these balances give no information on how energy is...
Between the clusters there are some free atoms and free electrons. The enthalpy of fusion is according to Richard's rule around the gas constant times the temperature of melting and the heat capacity in the liquid state is normally constant and for some metals lower than that in the solid ...
D. Heat capacityHeat capacities of a molecular mixed-ligand complex [Zn(hfac)(tmen)] were measured in the temperature range between 13 and 383 K with an adiabatic calorimeter and the proton magnetic spin–lattice relaxation times (,and) were measured in the range between 130 and 330 K...
where ℎEhE is the excess enthalpy, 𝑉EVE is the excess volume, 𝑅R is the universal gas constant, while the temperature remains a constant, d𝑇=0dT=0. The liquids can be considered as an ideal solution at infinite dilution [24,25], 𝑉E=0VE=0. It is convenient to rewrite ...