Reinforcement theory is a psychological principle suggesting that behaviors are shaped by their consequences, and that individual behaviors can be changed through reinforcement, punishment and extinction. Behavioral psychologistB.F. Skinnerwas instrumental in developing modern ideas about reinforcement theory. ...
Although in many respects Freud’s psychoanalytic theory of behaviour was a drive theory, the term drive was first used by Robert S. Woodworth, an American psychologist, in 1918. The concept of drive is closely tied to the concept of homeostasis. It was assumed that drive would be triggered...
The present study is part of a larger project from which a different learning task has been published previously19. The study was initially conceptualized as a replication of the gain condition of Pessiglione et al.17. In that study, participants receiving L-dopa (n = 13) showed improve...
Reinforcement Learning Theory (RLT) provides a powerful framework for understanding and precisely modelling learning16. In RLT, prediction errors signal the unexpectedness of outcomes and affect the choices we make in the future. The influence that prediction errors have on choices can be modelled indi...
fMRI analyses showed that confidence was positively and negatively related to the activity in the prefrontal networks regardless of affective information and task difficulty manipulations. Using theory-driven qualitative patterns of activation as well as a quantitative model comparison exercise, our neuro-...
Deformation Reinforcement Theory (DRT) is elaborated and developed with a clear definition of instability that an elasto-plastic structure is not stable if it is unable to satisfy simultaneously equilibrium condition, kinematical admissibility and constitutive equations under given external loads. The struct...
"Reinforcement" in behavior theory In its Pavlovian context, “reinforcement” was actually a descriptive term for the functional relation between an unconditional and a conditiona... WN Schoenfeld - 《Pavlovian Journal of Biological Science Official Journal of the Pavlovian》 被引量: 4发表: 1978年...
Applications of active SLAM theory have been recently studied within the context of small body exploration missions [4, 5, 12]. Partially Observable Markov Decision Process POMDP derives from the simpler Markov Decision Process (MDP), when part of the information characterizing the agent state is ...
The quantum compilation is a fundamental problem in the quantum computation theory, consisting of approximating any unitary transformation as a finite sequence of unitary operators Aj is chosen from a universal set of gates \({{{\mathcal{B}}}\). In this work, we ask the agent to approximate...
An hypothesis was tested which predicted the effect on two-choice, visual discrimination learning of four stimulus conditions associated with reward. The hypothesis was based on the theory that stimuli associated with reward operate as (... J Denegre - 《Journal of Experimental Child Psychology》 ...