Wild-type CD33 but not mutated CD33 significantly reduced the phosphorylation of NF-魏B. These results suggest that CD14 is an endogenous ligand for CD33 and that ligation of CD33 with CD14 modulates with the pr
An example of this includes miRNA targeting of components of the TLR; lncRNAs induced by TLR signaling possibly would favor tumor progression. Pharmacological interventions directed toward inhibiting these TLR pathways could be the model to halt malignancy by hampering pro-tumor inflammation and boosting...
Receptors of the innate immune system are involved in the removal of amyloid-β (Aβ) in the brain. Indeed, the Aβ load is modulated in part by TLR2 and TLR4, and activation of TLR2, TLR4 and TLR9 increases the uptake of Aβ by microglial cells in the brains of mouse models of ...
As humans have a small number of innate immune receptors available to respond to an unlimited number of microbial molecules, these receptors must have extensive flexibility [64]. The current dogma for TLR-ligand recognition, that was laid by the late Charles Janeway almost two decades ago, is ...
et al. Co-ordinated role of TLR3, RIG-I and MDA5 in the innate response to rhinovirus in bronchial epithelium. PLoS Pathog. 6, e1001178 (2010). PubMed PubMed Central Google Scholar Cao, X. et al. MDA5 plays a critical role in interferon response during hepatitis C virus infection...
Fetuin-A acts as an endogenous ligand of TLR4 to promote lipid-induced insulin resistance. Nat. Med. 18, 1279–1285 (2012). Article CAS PubMed Google Scholar Guo, S. Insulin signaling, resistance, and the metabolic syndrome: insights from mouse models into disease mechanisms. J. Endocrinol...
Immature 16+mDC and 16-mDC (iDC) obtained by culture of purified monocytes with GM-CSF and IL-4 were maturated with (i) Toll-like receptor (TLR) ligands [lipopolysaccharide (LPS)], (ii) lymphocyte-derived (soluble CD40 ligand, IFN-gamma) and (iii) endogenous inflammatory stimuli [TNF-...
Thus, we hypothesize that exogenous α-DIPA inhibits microglial inflammation through modulation of ferroptosis and NF-κB signaling, offering potential therapeutic relevance for MS. Besides, the inhibitory role of α-DIPA on microglia inflammation implying that reduced level of endogenous α-DIPA may be...
While STA-2 expressed alone in 293T cells is constitutively phosphorylated by endogenous kinases, without the requirement for C. elegans PMK-1 and SEK-1, overexpression of PMK-1 together with its activator SEK-1 in these cells led to accumulation of an additional phosphorylated form of STA-2 ...
ω−3 and ω−6 PUFAs induce chemokine expression in epithelial cells by activating toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2)/inositol-requiring enzyme 1α (IRE1α) in epithelial cells.269Some nutrition strategies are enabled to sustain intestinal homoeostasis. First, dietary restriction is demonstrated to ...