As I move from an academic or theoretical answer to this critique of PAR to the power of community-based research and action itself, I return to the propositions of Ira Shor and Paulo Freire, in their book A Pedagogy for Liberation. Here they argue that the traditional meaning of “rigor”...
The act of forming an alliance implies a need to be stronger in unison and that there is some common agreement between the parties — they have shared goals for instance. In the commercial world, however, this simple definition needs to be broadened as a
This means that AI did not emerge and is not being deployed in an economic or a political void. Digital innovation, like all modern technology, certainly has its own momentum, yet it is not sufficient to refer to advances in theoretical knowledge and technical improvements alone to explain the...
8.1.3 Multi-level modelling as a theoretical methodThere is another argument against reducing sociology to propositions on motivesand opportunities of persons. It is implied by Popper’s (1935)Logik der Forschung,which argues–in section 70–the impossibility of deriving macro- from micro-statements...