Parliament organized its own army and appointed Robert Devereux, 3d earl of Essex, to head it. On Aug. 22, 1642, Charles raised his standard at Nottingham. The First Civil War The followers of king and Parliament did not represent two absolutely distinct social groups, as the popular ...
2nd Earl of Essex, paid Shakespeare’s theater troupe, The Lord Chamberlin’s Men, to performRichard II. The group had been reluctant to dust off the by-then old piece of repertoire, but were convinced by a 40 shilling “gratuity.” Essex’s...
There was no such ambiguity for the Earl of Essex. At his trial he defended himself by protesting he had been in fear of his own life, and grovelled at the feet of the Queen who had shown him so much favour before. On this occasion the Queen must have felt she had no choice, and...
Richard, Prince of Wales and William, Earl of Richmond –sons of Edward lV, who mysteriously vanished from the Tower of London, presumed murdered, just after Richard lll, their uncle, deviously took the throne by having their parents’ marriage declared illegal Elizabeth of York –daughter of...
The first of these rebellions, that of Shane O’Neill, fully exposed the weakness and later the folly of the government. O’Neill’s father, Conn the Lame (Conn Bacach), who as the “O’Neill” was head of a whole network of clans, had been made earl of Tyrone in 1541, and the...
Also known as: James Crofts, James Fitzroy, James Scott, duke of Monmouth, duke of Buccleuch, earl of Doncaster, earl of Dalkeith, Baron Scott of Tindale, Lord Scott of Whitchester and Eskdale Written and fact-checked by The Editors of Encyclopaedia Britannica ...