Inserting "arclength along the minimum energy path" and "saddle point" transforms the generic summary into the familiar mechanism of a chemical reaction.Peters BaronReaction Rate Theory and Rare Events Simulations
The past–future (or predictive) information bottleneck framework introduced and developed in many forms8,9,10,11 involves implementing such neuronal models from an information theoretic basis that can originally be traced back to Shannon’s rate distortion theory. Here we interpret the RC in ...
Textbook concepts of diffusion-versus kinetic-control are well-defined for reaction-kinetics involving macroscopic concentrations of diffusive reactants that are adequately described by rate-constants—the inverse of the mean-first-passage-time to the re
The test can be given at different rates of presentation ranging from a slow rate of one number every 2.4 seconds to the fastest rate of one number every 1.2 seconds. This test assesses attention and vigilance because the patient is required to not only attend to the relevant stimuli (...
There is also the extremely rare p–p IV branch. Other even rarer reactions may occur. The rate of these reactions is very low due to very small cross-sections, or because the number of reacting particles is so low that any reactions that might happen are statistically insignificant. ...
Nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase (NAMPT), an adipocytokine, is the rate-limiting enzyme for NAD+ synthesis when you look at the salvage pathway. Although NAMPT activation stops neuronal injury, the partnership between NAMPT activity, glucose metabolism problems, and cerebral ischemia-induced neuronal...
where the C is the species concentration, V the crystal pull rate, D the species diffusivity, ki−v the recombination rate constant, z the axial location, and t the time. The subscript i denotes self-interstitials, v vacancies, and e equilibrium conditions. The effect of the thermal drift...
is that the reaction mechanism is assumed a priori, and subsequent energy calculations are performed along an assumed, unverified reaction coordinate. However, accurate determination of the reaction mechanism requires that the mechanism (in the context of reaction rate theory, the “reaction coordinate...
theory is commonly used today in the way we refer to computer memory capacity. If your computer’s hard drive can store 8 gigabytes, it can hold 8 billion 8-bit strings of 1’s and 0’s. A convention in computer science is to refer to 8 bits as a “byte.” A million bytes is ...
Decelerated ET, impaired photosynthesis, D1 repair rate and overall cell physiology upon increasing VD1-208 to above 130 Å3, rationalize the >99% conservation of small residues at D1-208 and its homologous motif in non-oxygenic bacteria.The experimental means and resolved mechanism are ...