Ratio of means (ROM) and difference of means (DOM) are often used in a superiority, noninferiority (NI), or average bioequivalence (ABE) test to evaluate whether the test mean is superior, NI, or equivalent to the reference (placebo or active control) mean. The literature provides ...
As the ratio of means method is unitless, this method can be used irrespective of the units used in trial outcome measures. Using the delta method limited to first order terms results in a straightforward formula to estimate the variance of the ratio. Second order terms would be raised to th...
estimated marginal means, aka least-squares means. v1.8.4–1. . liker, a., székely, t., 2005. mortality costs of sexual selection and parental care in natural populations of birds. evolution 59, 890–897. . lópez-moreno, j.i., vicente-serrano, s.m., morán-tejeda, e., lorenzo-...
is also known as the 'Ratio of Means' estimator (rR), which functions literally rR = 1 n ∑ ni=1ai 1 n ∑ in=1g i = a g (2) The sample mean global (g ) and Arctic (a) temperature changes can be estimated from climate models i (in an ensemble of size n) for Arctic amplif...
“normal” or average. A SIR of 1 means a similar incidence while a SIR of 10 indicates a 10-fold higher incidence in the studied population. Geographic variation also has to be taken into account with regard to the control group; in Japan, gastrointestinal malignancies have an increased ...
introduced the thyroid stimulating hormone index (TSHI) as a means to assess the responsiveness or sensitivity of the pituitary gland to TH. Specifically, higher TSHI values may indicate lower central thyroid hormone sensitivity, indicative of weakened TH-mediated negative feedback on the pituitary ...
6. An encoding device as claimed in claim 5, said frame memory being for memorizing each frame of said input moving picture signal as a memorized frame, wherein: said frame memory is connected to said suspending means to hold said memorized frame throughout said preceding and said succeeding ...
function memory means for storing data denoting plural likelihood ratio functions respectively associated with the plural fire related phenomena, each of the plural likelihood ratio functions defining a relation between a value of a fire likelihood ratio and a value of a respective fire related phenomen...
1. A video game system for displaying a character moving in a depthwise direction in a game space, comprising: display means for displaying at least a portion of the game space within a vertical display range of the display means; speed calculating means for calculating a speed at which the...
1. A control system for an automotive powertrain having a torque source and a multiple ratio transmission with pressure actuated oncoming friction elements and off-going friction elements for effecting ratio upshifts and a shift controller configured to: (i) control activating pressure of the friction...