In the mean equation (Eq. 1), εt is a random error term with conditional variance hi,t. In Eq. (2), ηi,t denotes independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) standardised residuals. The variance equation (Eq. 3) specifies a GJR-GARCH process with an asymmetric term. In Eq....
a让一个刚认识的男人住在你家? 正在翻译,请等待...[translate] aequation is equal to the injection rate multiplied by the injection time and the surface area is easily inferred from the radial distance[translate]
The rationale behind this distance threshold is explained by the findings of Englehart and Douglas25, which indicates that in 90% of the TC cases, the distance between the storm center and the outer edge of its cloud shield is <550–600 km. However, we realize that the size of TCs ...
When an object moves at a constant velocity, the distance traveled by the object increases linearly with time. The basic linear equation is D = RT, where D is the distance traveled by the object, R is the rate at which the object is traveling, and T is the time for wh...
dogs (Nicolai et al.2020; Yoo et al.2013). We shifted each fiber longitudinally along the length of the nerve by a random value drawn from a uniform distribution from − 0.5*INL to 0.5*INL (INL: internodal length, i.e., distance between the nodes of Ranvier for that fiber ...
(2020) investigated both direct and indirect impacts of population density on death rates in 913 USA metropolitan countries by using structural equation modeling. They found that larger metropolitan areas and counties with higher population density were significantly associated with higher mortality rates....
; distance between \((x^n, z^n, \lambda ^n)\) and a saddle points of problem ( 2 ). note that the mathematical expressions are written in a non-ergodic sense for convenience. each measure is useful in monitoring the progress and convergence of admm. the objective value is the most ...
Fig. 1.Sketch of PhysicalVapor Depositionprocess. The simulated part of the Vapor Distribution Box is in gray. Brown denotes the modeling based on the Antoine vapor-pressure-equation and theisentropicrelation, red the limitation ofinlet pressureby the Hertz-Knudsen-equation,italic cyanthe non-isentr...
a^ and b^ are experimentally derived parameters relating friction to changes in slip rate and state, respectively, Θ is a state variable describing the sliding surface, Σ is the total stress, P is the pressure inside the slider (pore pressure), dc is the characteristic slip distance, α^...
The moving distance could not be measured precisely, because large parts of the structures of the stalk and MTBD were invisible due to their large flexibility. Additionally, a nonphysiological analog (ADP-Vi) was used to make the pre-stroke state, and the static images could not exactly ...