Of all the thoracic tissues the lungs proved the most vulnerable to radiation damage. The risk is increased when large areas of lung are irradiated, the total dosage is high, and the course of treatment is given quickly. The 49 cases received irradiation of the thorax for breast cancer, ...
aspirated into the lungs, the injury that occurs is similar to a chemical burn. Acid rapidly injures airway epithelial and alveolar cells; within hours, cells become dysfunctional and capillary leak occurs, resulting in profoundnoncardiogenic pulmonary edema. In severe cases,diffuse alveolar damagemay...
Radiation damage to the heart enhances early radiation-induced lung function loss. Cancer Res. (2005) 65:6509–11. doi: 10.1158/0008-5472.CAN-05-0786 124. Ghobadi G, Van Der Veen S, Bartelds B, De Boer RA, Dickinson MG, De Jong JR, et al. Physiological interaction of heart and ...
including heme oxygenase-1, gamma-glutamylcysteine synthetase, and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO-1). These enzymes metabolize various free radicals and ROS, preventing oxidative damage to cells and promoting cell survival under
RILI encompasses any lung damage due to lung exposure to ionizing radiation. This damage typically classified in early and late radiation toxicity could oscillate between asymptomatic and severe manifestations. Three common grading systems have used to stratify the severity of symptoms (see Table1) [8...
A key point to remember is that acute pulmonary radiation damage, radiation pneumonitis, can present anywhere in a spectrum of pathologic conditions. On the one extreme, the symptoms of acute radiation pneumonitis may be absent if the involved area of the lung is small. On the other extreme, ...
Ionizing radiation has been pivotal in cancer therapy since its discovery. Despite its therapeutic benefits, IR causes significant acute and chronic complications due to DNA damage and the generation of reactive oxygen species, which harm nucleic acids, lipids, and proteins. While cancer cells are mo...
RILI is that radiation poses a threat to the lungs through reactive oxygen species (ROS) and oxygen free radicals [23]. These elements cause damage to the genomic DNA of cells in the body, triggering a series of cellular responses, including (a) the production of ROS leads to oxidative str...
Bone cancer radiationRadiation treatment can target cancer cells in the bones to control growth and manage symptoms. This Doctor State Average Lung cancer radiationRadiation treatment is used to target and treat cancer cells in the lungs. State Average This Doctor See more conditions Check to See...
Bone marrow (hematopoietic syndrome)—This syndrome is caused by damage to stem cells in the bone marrow resulting in a reduction in cell lines. Symptoms include bleeding and infection (low platelets and leukocytes). Usually occurs after exposure to between 0.7 and 10 Gy (70– 1,000 rads). ...