of life in the penal settlements describe harshtreatmentof the convicts, particularly those confined to chain-gang duty. Colonization of the Moreton Bay region was strictly forbidden because the more dangerous convicts were housed in that area. The number of convicts varied from the initial 30 to ...
Human–dog relationships are an important contributor to the welfare of dogs, but little is known about the importance of socioeconomic status of the dogs’ owners. We conducted a retrospective study of canine welfare complaints, using Australian governm