Structural view of a proton with two up quarks (blue and red) and one down quark (green) and a neutron with one up quark (green) and two down quarks (red and blue).The forces between quarks are mediated by gluon
ProtonneutronfactorsNucleon form factors play an especially important role in studying the dynamics of nucleons and explicit structure of the wave functions at arbitrary nucleon velocity. The purpose of the paper is to explain theoretically all four nucleon form factors measured experimentally in the ...
Baryons are characterized by abaryon number,B,of 1. Their antiparticles, calledantibaryons, have a baryon number of −1. Anatomcontaining, for example, oneprotonand oneneutron(each with a baryon number of 1) has a baryon number of 2. In addition to their differences incomposition, baryon...
Baryons and mesons are distinguished by the composition of their internal structure (Fig. 1.23): Sign in to download full-size image Fig. 1.23. Examples of baryons and mesons. meson: one quark + one antiquark, such as pion and kaon baryon: three quarks, like proton and neutron antibaryon...
Purpose: In this paper, we present comprehensive and detailed results on the correspondence between the extrapolated deep inelastic structure function g(1) of both the proton and the neutron with the same quantity measured in the nucleon resonance region. Thanks to the fine binning and high ...
Separate classes of the FL represent the neutron stars (their external layers) and the quark–gluon plasma. The FL state is a viable concept for three-dimensional systems, whereas one-dimensional systems (fermionic chains, ladders, and nanotubes) are described as Tomonaga–Luttinger liquids (TLL)...
assuming that it is composed of deconfined quark matter taking into account the clear mass-radius window imposed by the data from the Neutron Star Interior Composition Explorer (NICER) [4,5,6] and the gravitational wave laser interferometer (Advanced LIGO, Virgo, and KAGRA) [7,8,9,10,11]...
Keywords: Neutron stars; equations of state of neutron-star matter; quark deconfine- ment. 1. Introduction Neutron stars are the densest macroscopic objects in the universe. They represent the limit beyond which gravity overwhelm all the other forces of nature and lead to the formation of a ...
For resonances, X˜ i is still related to the squared wave function of the channel i, in a phase prescription that automatically renders the wave function real for bound states, and so it can be used as a measure of the weight of that meson-baryon channel in the composition of the ...
proton and neutron Proposed that the neutron and proton should be considered as two states of a single entity; the nucleon Analogous to the spin-up/spin-down states of a spin-½ particle ISOSPIN Expect physics to be invariant under rotations in this space The neutron and proton form an ...