For the output tensor, we are provided with output scale and zero point. The computation is as follows Q_output = zp_output + (scale_input)/(scale_output) * (Q_input - zp_input) 通过TIR可以验证该过程: b. Sw * Sx / S
xfloatϵ[xfloatmax,xfloatmin] (2)计算scale与zero_point xscale=xfloatmax−xfloatminxquantizedmax−xquantizedmin xzeropoint=xquantizedmax−xfloatmaxxscale (3)通过以下公式计算出任意float32量化后的int8结果 xquantized=xfloatxscale+xzeropoint 由公式可以看出量化中的精度损失不可避免的,当浮点数的...
where quantized dimension specifies the dimension of the tensor's shape that the scales and zero-points correspond to. 例如,一个四维张量[4, 3, 2, 1],若其quantization parameters分别为scale = [1, 2, 3], zero_point = [1, 2, 3], quantization_dimension = 1,则...
这就意味着,即使我们巧妙的将数据四舍五入,仍然可以得出一个相当准确的结果(手动...accumulators量化位unit8,与文献【4】不同,这里采用的不是线性量化方法,而是非线性量化,通过缩放系数S(scale)和零点Z(zero-point)确定实际值r对应的量化值q,即 ,权重和输入的S和...
ZERO-point fieldGRAVITATIONAL potentialINFLATIONARY universeHUBBLE constantSTANDARD model (Nuclear physics)ENERGY densityInflation has presented solutions for a number of important cosmological problems while leaving some unanswered. In this paper, we present a new cosmological model based on the quantization ...
To dequantize the quantized from INT8 back to FP32, we will need to use the previously calculatedscale factor(s) andzeropoint(z). Other than that, dequantization is straightforward: When we put symmetric and asymmetric quantization side-by-side, we can quickly see the difference between method...
先举个量化的例子,比如原始 fp32 Range 范围为 [-1.0, 1.0],咱们进行 fp32 --> int8 量化,则 Sacle = 255 / 2.0 = 127.5,量化后的值域 Range 为 [-127.5, 127.5],然后一般会做个 round() 取整操作,得到最后的量化 Range 为 [-127, 128],如果只考虑对称量化,就没有 + Zero_Point 的偏移,这样...
This script demonstrates linear quantization and dequantization of a given tensor using scale and zero-point parameters. Requirements Dependencies can be installed using requirements.txt. Run: pip install -r requirements.txt Usage Clone the repository. Ensure you have Python and PyTorch installed. Ins...
In the current audio standards, uniform quantizers are used in MPEG Layer I, Layer II, and Dolby AC-3. For MPEG Layers I and II, the scale factor helps to determine the range of a quantizer. For Dolby AC-3, the exponent, which accounts for the range of a uniform quantizer, is ...
For the universe, we derive a new Hubble relation that accounts for the accelerated expansion with a matter density at about 5% of the critical matter/energy density, with the remainder being large-scale quantization zero-point energy. A possible laboratory test is proposed....