This has the advantage of avoiding the repetition. However, the actual check is now harder to spot. Assignment expressions can simplify these kinds of loops. In this example, you can now put the check back together with while where it makes more sense: Python walrus_quiz.py # ... while...
This subtle change makes your class more robust and reliable by avoiding hard-coding the name of the class that provides the attribute. It’s important to note that you can access class attributes using either the class or one of its instances. That’s why you can use the counter object ...
Tuple unpacking is really handy foravoiding hard-coded indexesand instead, givingdescriptive namesto each of the things inside a tuple. Unpacking without an equals sign Tuple unpacking is most often used, not with an equals sign, but instead in aforloop. ...
├── app.py It is not recommended to distribute the.envfiles along with other source files. Doing so would defeat the purpose of avoiding hard-coded configurations in the source code. In order to bring in these values, they must be parsed and incorporated into the application environment. ...
We're avoiding that sort of very annoying thing. When we open a file, we get a handler for it and, no matter what happens, we want to be sure we release it when we're done with the file. A context manager is the tool we need to make sure of that. Finally, let's now step ...
So multiple assignment can be used for avoiding hard coded indexes and it can be used to ensure we’re strict about the size of the tuples/iterables we’re working with. Multiple assignment can be used to replace hard coded slices too!
The urandom() function now uses the getrandom() syscall on Linux 3.17 or newer, and getentropy() on OpenBSD 5.6 and newer, removing the need to use /dev/urandom and avoiding failures due to potential file descriptor exhaustion. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in bpo-22181.) New get_blockin...
A dictionary maps keys to values. Keys need to be hashable objects, while values can be of any arbitrary type. Dictionaries are mutable objects. There are quite a few different ways to create a dictionary, so let me give you a simple example of how to create a dictionary equal to{'A'...
The urandom() function now uses the getrandom() syscall on Linux 3.17 or newer, and getentropy() on OpenBSD 5.6 and newer, removing the need to use /dev/urandom and avoiding failures due to potential file descriptor exhaustion. (Contributed by Victor Stinner in bpo-22181.) New get_blockin...
If True, we simply return the original function, and skip the validation wrapper altogether, thereby avoiding the performance cost of the onCall wrapper. The __debug__ name is True if you launch the script with a system command-line like python -O main.py args...; doing so effectively ...