hydrogelmechanical propertiessegment self-assemblyfreeze–thawThe rapid and effective fabrication of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) hydrogels with good mechanical properties is of great significance yet remains a huge challenge. The preparation of PVA hydrogels via the conventional cyclic freeze–thaw met...
The work also establishes cross-correlations between the freeze-thaw process conditions, the gel microstructure and the properties of obtained hydrogel/hydrosoluble PVA materials. The conditions of the freeze-thaw process were selected by following an experimental design. The time evolution of the ...
Fig. 9(a) shows copper plates that were cut and placed on both sides of the mold to ensure complete contact of the Ni foam plates with hydrogel. Samples were first frozen at 253.15 K (−20 °C) for 24 h and then removed to thaw at 293.15 K (20 °C). In the second method, ...
PVA is a distinctive physical crosslinking hydrogel that could be perfectly crosslinked via repeated freeze-thawing to develop crystalline clusters as a crosslinking point27. The shortcomings of the antimicrobial properties and thrombogenicity of PVA could be governed by boosting the hydrogel membranes ...
Some researchers have found that by circling the freeze-thaw method of polyvinyl alcohol, hydrogen bonds can be formed between the molecular chains, and the polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel can be changed into a crystalline structure with hydrogen bonds as cross-linking points. However, the hydrogel ...
(AM) as monomers, N,N’-methylenebisacrylamide (MBAA) as crosslinking agent, with poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) and poly(2-acrylamide-2-methyl propane sulfonic acid) (PAMPS) as interpenetrating polymer chains. Covalent-microcrystalline double network (CMDN) hydrogels were obtained by freeze-thaw ...
the repeated freeze-thaw cycles to reach the final state. The effect of synthesis method, the concentration ratio, the concentration of PVA and HA precursor on the microstructure and phase were studied. Then, in vitro biological activities were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscope, X-...
gon inert atmosphere. A simple PVA/PVP hydrogel was produced by the same manner using 20 mL of pure water [1]. 2.4. Swelling ratio of the hydrogels in a SnCl 2 aqueous solution The swelling behaviour of both freeze-died PVP/PVA
6c–d. The enhancement of mechanical properties can be explained by the double-network structure of the hydrogel and cross-linking density of PVA. Both anneal-swell and freeze-thaw treatment make PVA produce crystalline microdomains and promote physical cross-linking of PVA chains. Therefore, there...
[54] used a poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA), poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) and a fresh Aloe vera mixture for hydrogel preparation in a two-step process of freeze-thaw and gamma-ray irradiation. In contrast to our results, they observed that an increase of the Aloe vera amount decreased the gel ...