The natural increase in population (NIP) formula is simply the crude birth rate (CBR) minus the crude death rate (CDR) and dividing the answer by 10 to receive the percentage, or rate of natural increase of population (rate of NIP). . NIP = CBR−CDR10Natural...
The percentages tested were 0, 3, 5, and 7% of OPC. The tests carried out by California bearing ratio (CBR), compaction, permeability, unconfined compressive strength (UCS), and shear strength parameters. Finally, the UCS test was critical in determining that OPC improved the mixture's ...
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