A new hybrid modulation scheme (PDM-QPSK–MPPM) for free space optical (FSO) communication is proposed in this paper, which is based on the combination of polarization-division-multiplexed quadrature phase-shift keying (PDM-QPSK) and multi-pulse pulse position modulation (MPPM). We describe the...
fixedsymbollength,anovelflagdualamplitudepulsepositionmodulation(FDAPPM)wasproposed.The symbolstructure,transmissionrateanderrorprobabilityoftheFDAPPMsystemoveratmospheric turbulence鄄inducedfadingchannelwerepresented.Byusingthemaximum鄄likelihoodsequencedetection, thehighSNRsasymptoticontheerrorprobabilityoftheFDAPPMwasanaly...
(CW) modulation techniques. Inpulse modulation, the carrier is not a continuous wave but aperiodic pulse trainwhose amplitude, duration, or position is varied in accordance with the message.Pulse amplitude(PAM), pulse duration (PDM), and pulse position (PPM) modulation are illustrated inFig. 7....
This document is part of the Getting Started with NI-DAQmx Series. A Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Signal is a technique for generating digital pulses to control an analog circuit. A PWM signal consists of two main components that define its behavior: a
This document is part of the Getting Started with NI-DAQmx Series. A Pulse Width Modulation (PWM) Signal is a technique for generating digital pulses to control an analog circuit. A PWM signal consists of two main components that define its behavior: a
However, it is no longer at the equilibrium position of the modified pendulum, thus oscillation occurs thereafter. b Circuit diagram of the cryogenic microwave pulse generator, composing a λ/2 coplanar waveguide (CPW) resonator with a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID) embedded in ...
The parameters of the sampling points (sampling rate, bandwidth, position) are just defined by the sinusoidal input used to drive the modulators. Thus, they can be adapted to the signal fast and easily and a time shift is possible by a phase change. The sampling rate considering the maximum...
If this unused power is subtracted from PDM, so that only time transitions are preserved, we obtain a more efficient type of pulse modulation known as pulse-position modulation (PPM). In PPM the position of a pulse relative to its unmodulated time of occurrence is varied in accordance with ...
The carrier phase shifted pulse width modulation carrier is a triangular wave, the phase shift angle of the triangle wave is related to the submodule position in the converter bridge arm. The phase shift angle of each up bridge arm submodule is 2πM(k−1),(k=1,2,…,M) The phase shi...
50/60Hz +/-5% Position detection method Resolver Magnetic linear scale Control system Sine-wave PWM (pulse width modulation) Control mode Position control Maximum speed 5000rpm 3.0m/s Position command input Line driver signal (2M pulses/s or less) (1) Forward pulse + reverse pulse (2) Sign...