This paper presents results of a study to assess the Government Contractor Classification System in Saudi Arabia. Contract award procedures in public projects of Saudi Arabia are accomplished in two steps. The first one involves qualifying contractors to insure that their technical, financial, and ...
Circulation /hemodynamic support: Small amount of IV fluids (avoid fluid overload, which worsens the effects of right-sided heart failure ) Vasopressors (typically norepinephrine ) Selection of cardiac drugs should be based on the presence and severity of heart failure and hemodynamics . ...
Prevention measures may also be used when patients are traveling, such as for long hours in a car or plane. Additional steps to take when traveling include moving ankles and toes every 30 minutes and moving around the cabin of the plane every hour if possible (Mayo Clinic, 2022). After a...
Note that in both calculations mean values are used, so oscillatory effects are not included. PVR is about a factor 1059−61 lower than the systemic vascular resistance (see sections “Differences between the systemic and pulmonary circulation” and “Normal values in the pulmonary circulation” ...
Fig. 1. Schematic illustrates steps involved in the delivery of siRNA into the lungs. Similar to DNA delivery, both viral and non-viral vectors are being employed to deliver siRNA. Viruses are extremely efficient nucleic acids delivery vectors as they are evolved to transfer their genetic material...
AMPK has been reported to facilitate hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction but, paradoxically, its deficiency precipitates pulmonary hypertension. Here we show that AMPK-α1/α2 deficiency in smooth muscles promotes persistent pulmonary hypertension of the
In other patients, the mismatch is not so profound, but still causes symptoms, especially when oxygen demand increases (for example, during exercise). Pulmonary infarction (death of lung tissue due to arterial blockage) is unusual because of collateral circulation. What Causes a Pulmonary Embolism?
The system circulation involves the pathway of blood from the heart to the entire body, excluding the lungs, and back to the heart. The pulmonary circulation includes the pathway of blood from the heart to the lungs and back to the heart....
When the balloon on the catheter is inflated, it causes an obstruction (becomes wedged) in a small branch of the pulmonary artery, interrupting the flow of blood locally (but blood flow continues normally in the rest of the pulmonary circulation), so that (assuming the absence of an abnormal...
As the primitive heart develops in the fetus, myocardial contractile activity begins and a functional circulation is established. The foramen ovale in the interatrial septum and the ductus arteriosus remain open. In the fetus, pulmonary vascular resistance in the unexpanded lungs is high and systemic...