Bony metastasis damages the skeleton mechanically, through compression of the vascular system and consequent ischemia, or structurally through reciprocal cancer鈥搒troma interaction resulting in tumor progression through enhanced paracrine signaling, which will ultimately affect osteogenesis with consequent bone ...
The Molecular Pathogenesis and Pathophysiology of Prostate Cancer At the dawn of the new millennium, prostate cancer has become a major scourge for men as they age in the developed world. In the United States, autopsy ser... WG Nelson,AMD Marzo - Prostate Cancer: Translational and Emerging The...
Metastatic castrate-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) is a disease state characterized by a testosterone level of less than 50 ng/dL, with 2 consecutive increases in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) with a PSA level of 2 ng/dL or more. ...
The year 2024 has been transformative for prostate cancer (PCa) and prostatic diseases, marked by advancements in basic science, diagnostic tools and novel therapeutic options. The exact pathophysiology of PCa and benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) remains unknown. However, several studies suggest that...
Several studies have attempted to correlate the extent of skeletal metastatic involvement, the number of bone metastases (BMTs) identified by bone scintigraphy or the distribution of BMTs (axial vs appendicular) with survival in patients with advanced prostate cancer (PC) [1, 2]. The number of ...
Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) play a critical role in the progression, diagnosis, and treatment of prostate cancer (PCa), particularly within the tumor microenvironment (TME). Acting as novel biomarkers and agents for targeted biological therapy, s
Inflammation can potentially contribute to prostate cancer pathophysiology through several mechanisms, including generation of reactive oxygen species that lead to mutagenesis; production of cytokines to promote tumor growth and suppress anti-tumor immune response; and enhancement of the migration of tumor-pr...
Several studies, both from preclinical models and prostate cancer trials, have suggested a pivotal role of survivin in prostate cancer pathophysiology19,25, for instance via the survivin/TGFβ/mTORC axis in IGF-1 mediated growth26 or the SHARPIN/NFkB axis in survivin/livin mediated tumorigenesis ...
AR is a key driver of PCa pathophysiology, regulates cancer cell proliferation, metabolism, and migration, is an empirical therapeutic target for PCa [54] and is crucial for the development of resistance to ADT [55]. Historically, inhibition of AR signaling by ADT has been the mainstay of me...
Prostate cancer (PCa) cells preferentially metastasize to bone at least in part by acquiring osteomimetic properties. Runx2, an osteoblast master transcription factor, is aberrantly expressed in PCa cells, and promotes their metastatic phenotype. The transcriptional programs regulated by Runx2 have been...