n addition to the other answers which correctly point out that you are seeing undefined behavior, I figured I'd mention that std::cout uses an object of type std::streambuf to do its internal buffering. Basically it is an abstract class which represents of buffer (the size is particular t...
3. n addition to the other answers which correctly point out that you are seeing undefined behavior, I figured I'd mention that std::cout uses an object of type std::streambuf to do its internal buffering. Basically it is an abstract class which represents of buffer (the size is particul...
The three types of buffering available areunbuffered,block buffered, andline buffered. When an outputstreamis unbuffered, information appears on the destination file or terminal as soon as written; when it is block buffered many characters are saved up and written as a block; when it is line b...
Using printf() to output to a user-defined device You can install a user-defined driver so that you can use the sophisticated buffering of the high-level C I/O functions on an arbitrary device, such as a UART. The user-defined driver will not use the C I/O interface to communicate w...
defined(OS_USE_SEMIHOSTING)#define STDIN_FILENO0#define STDOUT_FILENO1#define STDERR_FILENO2UART_HandleTypeDef*gHuart;voidRetargetInit(UART_HandleTypeDef*huart){gHuart=huart;/* Disable I/O buffering for STDOUT stream, so that * chars are sent out as soon as they are printed. */setvbuf(...
If a stream has line buffering, then characters will be transmitted to or from the host environment as a unit when a new-line character is encountered. Moreover, when a buffer is full or when input is needed on an unbuffered or line buffered stream that necessitates the transf...
* If the __write implementation uses internal buffering, uncomment * the following line to ensure that we are calledwith "buffer" as 0 * (i.e. flush) when the application terminates. */ size_t __write(int handle, const unsigned char * buffer, size_t size) ...
it resets the predefined streams (cin,cout,cerr,clog) to use astdiobufobject rather than afilebufobject. After that, you can mix I/O using these streams with I/O usingstdin,stdout, andstderr. Expect some performance decrease because there is buffering both in the stream class and in the...
* If the __write implementation uses internal buffering, uncomment * the following line to ensure that we are called with "buffer" as 0 * (i.e. flush) when the application terminates. */size_t __write(int handle, const unsigned char * buffer, size_t size){if (buffer == 0) { /...
/* Disable I/O buffering for STDOUT stream, so that * chars are sent out as soon as they are printed. */ setvbuf(stdout, NULL, _IONBF, 0); } int _isatty(int fd) {if (fd >= STDIN_FILENO && fd <= STDERR_FILENO) return 1; ...