Principles (1): Ventilation The goal of ventilation is to facilitate CO2 release and maintain normal PaCO2 Minute ventilation (VE) Total amount of gas exhaled/min. VE = (RR) x (TV) VE comprised of 2 factors VA = alveolar ventilation VD = dead space ventilation VD/VT = 0.33 VE regulated...
States to ease the anxiety and discomfort of the procedure, although in many countries EGD is routinely performed with topical pharyngeal anesthesia only. Patient tolerance of unsedated EGD is improved by the use of an ultrathin, 5-mm diameter endoscope that can be passed transorally or transna...
5.Lossoffunctionmove.6.Abnormal 7.N.V.injuries OrthopaedicHistory Agoodgeneralorthopaedichistorycontains:Onset,Duration,andLocationofaproblemLimitationsanddebilitationattributedtothe problemGoodsurgicalhistory,especiallywith regardstoorthopaedicsurgeriesandprioranesthesiaCo-morbidconditionsthatcontributetotheproblemorwill...
April 2004Richard Lake18 Insertion Technique Open the mouth and press the tip of the cuff upward against the palate and flatten the cuff against it Open the mouth and press the tip of the cuff upward against the palate and flatten the cuff against it Use index finger to guide LMA, pressing...
Principles (2): Oxygenation The primary goal of oxygenation is to maximize O2 delivery to blood (PaO2) Alveolar-arterial O2 gradient (PAO2 - PaO2) Equilibrium between oxygen in blood and oxygen in alveoli A-a gradient measures efficiency of oxygenation PaO2 partially depends on ventilation but mor...