This Chapter examines internal environmental measures as tools for the European Union’s (EU) external action. It notes that the EU, spurred by the environmental integration principle, has become increasingly coercive in externalizing internal environmental measures. Crucially, the external dimension of i...
Predictions of massive fines under the GDPR that simply scale up penalties we’ve issued under the Data Protection Act are nonsense (despite this, somecommentators have continued to employ such “nonsense”). What Nevinson said though, goes further than anything I’ve seen so far from the ICO...
The GDPR contains an accuracy principle, as most data privacy laws in the world do. In principle, data controllers must ensure the personal data they process are accurate. Some have argued that the accuracy principle does not apply to personal data in the form of opinions about data subjects....
Similarly, in the European Union, Directives such as the Markets in Financial Instruments Directive (MiFID II) and the General Data Protection Regulation (GDPR) include outsourcing provisions and financial institutions’ responsibilities in overseeing outsourced functions. The European Banking Authority (...
enforce data protection regulations. The main data protection regulations are: GDPR (General Data Protection Regulation), CCPA (California Consumer Privacy), LGPD (Lei geral da Protecao de Dados Pessoasis in Brazil), POPIA (South Africa), Australian Privacy Act and DPA (UK Data Protection Act)....