Liver disease is one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality worldwide3,4,5. For decades, an immense effort has been undertaken to investigate the mechanisms behind various liver diseases and to develop therapeutic avenues. Despite great strides, many liver disease mechanisms have remained...
Advanced glycation end-productsAdvanced lipoxidation end-productsAGEALEDiabetic retinaMicrovascular dysfunctionMuller glial cellsRetinopathyOBJECTIVE: To review suspected causes of lithium-induced hyperparathyroidism, disease presentation, underlying pathology, and current recommendations and trends in medical and ...
Hyperglycaemia and its related conditions, such as chronic oxidative stress and the accumulation of advanced glycation end-products, might act as carcinogenic factors (Abe and Yamagishi, 2008; Qiao et al, 2016). Additionally, glucose catabolism could promote the proliferation of cancer cells by ...
Summary Steatotic liver disease (SLD) prevails as the most common chronic liver disease yet lack approved treatments due to incomplete understanding of pathogenesis. Recently, elevated hepatic and circulating interleukin 32 (IL-32) levels were found in individuals with severe SLD. However, the mechani...
The type and cause of renal disease and causes of death were defined according to the criteria of the European Renal Association- Dialysis and Transplantation Association [12]. Diabetes mellitus For the present analysis patients were categorized as follows: 1. patients with diabetic nephropathy as ...
Systemic inflammation induces alterations in the finely tuned micromilieu of the brain that is continuously monitored by microglia. In the CNS, these changes include increased synthesis of the bioactive lipid lysophosphatidic acid (LPA), a ligand for the
On the other hand, it is one of the major toxic gases with fatal effects if inhaled [9,10]. At high concentrations (300 μM and 1 mM), it causes an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-independent neuronal death via the activation of apoptotic mechanisms and the MEK/ERK pathway [11...