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Evaluation of cardiac output and cardiac preload. In: Vincent JL, ed. Year Book of Intensive Care and Emergency Medicine. Berlin: Springer, 2000: 671-679.Sakka SG, Meier-Hellmann A. Evaluation of cardiac output and cardiac preload. In: Vincent JL (ed.). Year Book of Intensive Care and ...
PreloadThe four major determinants of cardiac output are cardiac preload, myocardial contractility, heart rate, and afterload. Of these four elements, preload is the primary determinant. Cardiac preload is a semiquantitative composite assessment that encompasses all of the factors that contribute to ...
Cardiovascular performance is reflected in the arterial blood pressure and cardiac output (mean arterial blood flow), which in turn are dependent on four factors: preload, afterload, ventricular contractility, and heart rate. Preload, which refers to the degree to which sarcomeres are stretched just...
With increased preload, does cardiac output increase, decrease, or stay the same? Explain.Blood Flow:Blood is the liquid that flows throughout the body and it is maintained by the heart by its systemic beating. The blood flows from the heart to the arteries as oxygenated blood,...
The nitric oxide synthase inhibitor L-N(G)-methylarginine hydrochloride (L-NMMA HC1 546C88) causes reductions in cardiac output (CO), a potential limitation to clinical application. This drop in CO exceeds that from phenylephrine at matched systemic arterial pressure. We tested the hypothesis that...
The atria are pathways for the blood received by the body to go into the ventricles, and the ventricles contract, during which time they pump the blood out into the body. Preload is one of the four heart functions that make up cardiac output, or the amount of blood ejected from the ...
Cardiac output is influenced by the stroke volume exhibited by the heart. For a given heart, stroke volume may be considered a function of preload and inotropic state. Briefly, preload refers to the stretching of the myocardial cells in a chamber (e.g., left ventricle) during diastole, befo...
Out of the 49 preload-dependent patients, 48 patients increased their cardiac output after fluid resuscitation by at least 15%. The LVOT VTI increased from 15.6 cm ± 3.7 to 21.1 cm ± 4.5 before and after fluid resuscitation (p < 0.01). After fluid resuscitation (p < 0.01), cardiac inde...
作者: K Chatterjee 展开 摘要: Alterations in ventricular preload and afterload contribute to the pathogenesis of low-output syndrome—a serious complication of acute myocardial infarction. Likewise, manipulation of preload and afterload is an effective therapeutic principle for the correction of low-ou...