答案：preparatory costs或者pre-event costs。这是指前期的准备活动所需的费用。具体到preliminaries and general items的费用内容可能涉及活动前期的筹备策划费用、日常杂费支出以及一些前期安排的项目的支出等。在不同的场景下可能有不同的定义和内容。接下来详细介绍这两种费用内容。一、预备费用的解释 预备...
General Contractors charge for Overhead and Profit (“O & P“) asline items on repair or rebuild estimates. ... Overhead costs are operating expenses for necessary equipment and facilities. Profit is what allows the GC to earn their living. O & P are stated as a percentage of a total j...
works, and the preliminaries from a prolonged construction period. legco.gov.hk [...] 工程費用 增加所致;而建造 工程費用 增加,則 是由於 工程時 間表緊迫, 另須要進行額外工 作 ( 例如調動機械設備 ,以及為部分 已 完成的河道進行防 護 工程) ,以及因 施工期延 長而須 支付基本啟 動費用。 leg...
Well, this design is almost certainly bad—what happens if the customer doesn’t purchase exactly four items?—but the reason it’s bad isn’t that it violates 1NF; like the previous example, in fact, it’s a 1NF design. And while it’s true that 1NF does mean, loosely, “no repeat...
General project details 2. Contractual matters 3. Specific requirements of the employer 4. Contractor's general cost items 5. Information about works to be executed by persons other then the main contractor or which may be subject to later instructions...
'...the cost of administering a project and providing general plant, site staff, facilities, and site based services and other items not included in the rates.' Preliminaries in tender documents may include: · A general summary. · Method statements. ...
Granted, you can hide the Outline by clicking the X in its right-hand corner (and if you want to get it back, select Window | Show Views | Outline), which reclaims some space, and you can also drag tabs to different locations within the Eclipse window. But in general, it may be ...
there are numerous defensive reactions and devices. There is. however, one general pattern of behavior. In the presence of suspected enemy the first reaction is to try to escape observation; if this fails, the next resort is the flight co some inaccessible retreat, but if this is not possibl...
It contained items focusing on general information; instructions and recurrence items not covered in the trade bills but to be diligently priced by the contractors. The aim of this paper was to establish rankingsof the preliminaries items based on Malaysian contractors' pricing strategies during the ...
In the classical record model this is done by observing the data sequentially and recording only successive minimum values (since the quantile of interest is normally a lower quantile). Thus, one measures only "record-setting" items and in general, the number of measurements made is considerably...