In situa- nAb1 nAb2 ✓ ✓ ✓ ✓tions where the frequency of viral infection is Virus 1 expresses low, protection could be provided by passive nEI and V/E nEII immunotherapy during the period of high-risk exposure, avoiding the potential side effects of vaccination that can cause ...
Researchers have designed a new, more powerful mRNA that enhanced immune responses to the SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccine when used as an adjuvant. In this lymph node, the researchers observed increased B-cell activity in germinal centers (hotspots of antibody production) and increased numbers of dendriti...
2. Signaling and potential therapeutic implementations of SARS-CoV-2 key targets In therapeutic and prophylactic attempts against SARS-CoV-2, especially related to vaccine development, the S protein has been a commonly used target. As the S protein binds to the ACE2 on host cells initiating vira...
Side effects of flu-like symptoms with one instance of seropositive rheumatoid arthritis have been reported [62]. Table 1 Chemical compounds used in SC and their biopathway inhibitors’ molecular targets InhibitorPathwayGeneReferences Vemurafenib BRAF RAS/MAPK [199] Dabrafenib [200] Encorafenib [201...
Among human influenza viruses, influenza A virus is the most susceptible to mutations causing worldwide pandemics many times, such as 1918 Spanish flu pandemic [29]. Influenza viruses contain two functional surface glycoproteins: hemagglutinin (HA) and neuraminidase (NA) [30]. NA has become a maj...
The high virulence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), responsible for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), has triggered global health and economic concerns. The absence of specific antiviral treatments and the side effects of repurposed drugs present persistent challenge...
Fig. 2: Virological surveillance of seasonal influenza viruses. ATime series comparing FluNet data on seasonal influenza activity in the Northern and Southern Hemispheres from 2015 to July 2021, with the COVID-19 pandemic shaded in gray. Stacked bar chart (left-handy-axis) represents the number ...
Colquhoun DJ, Skjerve E, Poppe TT (1998) Pseudomonas flu- orescens, infectious pancreatic necrosis virus and environ- mental stress as potential factors in the development of vaccine-related adhesions in Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar L. J Fish Dis 21:355-364...
Any advancements in pulmonary nano-drug delivery systems aim to provide maximum therapeutic efficacy with minimal off-targeted side effects, ease of functionalization (chemically, biologically), and personalized therapy which together have concomitant benefits. In addition to the potential therapeutic ...
Even though these pharmaceuticals are regarded as a treatment of some viral diseases, side effects can occur in patients, particularly in children [5]. Additionally, the wide use of these chemical drugs does not necessarily take place in routine medical treatments, signifying the crucial need to ...