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The meaning of POTENTIAL DIFFERENCE is the difference in potential between two points that represents the work involved or the energy released in the transfer of a unit quantity of electricity from one point to the other.
Chemical energy from a battery is a potential form of energy, elastic energy in a stretched rubber band is a form of potential energy, but the most commonly referred to form of potential energy in physics is that of gravitational potential energy. This is energy that is stored due to an ...
This transport circulation is now commonly referred to as the Brewer–Dobson circulation. It is often called the ‘diabatic circulation,’ since it is associated with the diabatic processes of radiative heating and upward motion across isentropes in the tropics, and with radiative cooling and downwar...
where N is the density of surface sites, σ is the surface charge density, ε0 is the vacuum permittivity and μ is the dipole moment of the oxygen ion. We take account of the potential energy of an ion (or more correctly a dipole) as a result of lateral interaction with all other ...
3. Because there is some debate as to what the limit for PAR is on Earth, we present results using two commonly used PAR limits based on observations (10nmolphotonsm−2s−1, equivalent to 2.2 mWm−2, and referred to here as the PAR lower limit)52 and theoretical studies (20...
the *COOH to *CO region enlarges in both PZC and CO adsorption energy direction when increasing the reversible potential activation barrier of the *COOH to *CO step (Supplementary Materials Fig.S6). As explained in the Methods section B, this barrier is chosen based on experimental results on...
The meaning of IONIZATION POTENTIAL is the potential difference corresponding to the energy in electron volts that is just sufficient to ionize a gas molecule.
The quest in developing green eco-friendly sustainable energy technologies has prompted huge interest highlighting the contemporaneous outcome of combining catalytic steam and CO2 methane reforming commonly referred as bi-reforming of methane (BRM) [4][5]. Eq. (1) describes the BRM reaction, which ...
where Q has the same form as the equilibrium constant but is a function of the actual activities of the reactants and products rather than those of the equilibrium state. Note also that the potential is independent of the coefficients of the half-reaction whereas the free energy is directly ...