In this section, you will explore in detail the spillover effects of positive and negative externalities. These include positive effects like improved technologies or negative effects like pollution.Learning Objectives Identify and explain positive externalities, including new technology Show how ...
Nevertheless, further research, especially on the effects on reward processing and on anatomical evidence, is needed to elucidate this neural circuit. The VTA, a hub of the mesolimbic system that plays an essential role in both reward and aversion (Koob and Le Moal, 2001; de Jong et al., ...
No significant neurological side effects were observed within 2–8 weeks. Discussion In this study, we found that CD133+Notch1+ GSCs were located along Jagged1 expressed white matter tracts, which displayed a demyelinated characteristic, at the invasive frontier of glioma tissues. Axonally ...
1. Introduction Stomata, composed of a pair of guard cells, are channels on the surface of plant leaves [1,2] which regulate gas exchange between plants and the atmosphere and play an important role in maintaining plant photosynthesis and water-use efficiency [3–6]. The formation of mature...
The most deleterious effect of this disease is its irreversible impairment on the developing brains of patients. So far, there has been no permanent treatment to this disease [2,3]. Due to its harmful effects on the developing brain of newborns, early diagnosis and treatment is crucial to ...