While the social planner would allocate the task of reducing the regional emissions levels by 30% (stipulated by the Copenhagen accord) to countries with the lowest marginal abatement costs, this approach will require complete elimination of industrial sector in most of the region's countries. We ...
(e.g., roads,pavements,walls,windows), and the prevailing atmospheric conditions.Empiricalformulas allow the calculation of skyglow as a function of population and distance from the observer. When skyglow levels are more than 10 percent above the natural background levels, significant skydegradation...
bybacteriaand other microorganisms, the dissolvedoxygencontent of the water is depleted. This endangers the quality oflakesand streams, where high levels ofoxygenare required forfishand other aquatic organisms to survive. In addition, domestic sewage commonly contains activepharmaceuticalingredients, which...
In addition, we found that the institutions that are based on democratic principles, and which have low levels of corruption and high quality bureaucracy, are the most effective. That is, they are more responsive to the needs of the poor, they promote access to justice and public ...
Our estimates on the geographic distribution of PM2.5 exposure suggest that pollution levels differ according to a country’s stage of economic development and industrialization. Most of the people breathing unsafe air live in middle-income countries (Fig. 5). Of the 7.3 billion exposed to unsafe...
How bad are pollution levels in the United Arab Emirates? United Arab Emirates, otherwise known as the UAE or more simply Emirates, is a country located in the eastern side of the Arabian Peninsula. It shares borders with other countries such as Saudi Arabia and Oman, as well as facing ont...
根据下文中by the Energy Department可知,空格处应填入动词过去分词表被动。文章开头就提到according to new government figures,而空格所在句中的the Energy Department属于政府部门,因此来自该部门的数据应该是“公布”,故空格处应填入released“公布”。备选的过去分词cited意为“引用”,不符合文意,故排除。2空格位于...
Global population exposed to hazardous levels of air pollution Most common litter type found in nearshore waters Largest spill since 1967 Get more insights Report on the topic Top Seller Explore this report Related topics Global climate change Global water industry Public opinion on clima...
However, for any level of per capita income the pollution levels corresponding to corrupt behavior are always above the socially optimal level. Further, the turning point of the Kuznets curve takes place at income and pollution levels above those corresponding to the social optimum. 展开 ...
As discussed above, environmental law regularly operates in areas complicated by high levels of scientific uncertainty. In the case of many activities that entail some change to the environment, it is impossible to determine precisely what effects the activity will have on the quality of the environ...