Here the pollen tube grows through the integuments that surround the female gametophyte (or embryo sac), temporarily slowing its growth as it reaches the synergid cells, presumably to allow cell–cell communication to facilitate pollen tube reception. The pollen tube increases its growth rate as ...
Cross-pollinationis the transfer of pollen from the anther of one flower to the stigma of another flower on a different individual of the same species. Self-pollination occurs in flowers where the stamen and carpel mature at the same time, and are positioned so that the pollen can land on ...
In many species, in vitro pollen germination is dependent on the addition of key substrates such as calcium nitrate to the germination media (Steer and Steer, 1989). Indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) plays an essential role in plant sexual reproduction by controlling the development of stamens and ...
That's not always a hard and fast requirement, although it's important to note that many plant species have ways to prevent a particular plant from pollinating itself. Some are even genetically self-incompatible. Once a grain of pollen reaches the plant's female portion, in most cases an ...
Maize and longstamen rice were focused on. Here, we report for the first time that anthers of Poaceae lose the locular free liquid during late-microspore to early pollen stages; the majority of pollen grains arranged in a tight peripheral whorl develops normally and reaches maturity in the ...
This discrepancy is due in part to an oversupply of pol- len needed to account for inefficiencies in pollen transfer from one flower to another during the pollination process [12, 13]. For example, less than 1% of all pollen produced per flower in animal-pollinated plants reaches a conspe...
Portions of the tassel may be visible before the plant technically reaches the last leaf stage (final visible leaf collar) has occurred. By definition, growth stage VT occurs when the last branch of the tassel emerges from the whorl. This authoritative source furthermore stated that growth stage...
The dynamic maintenance of polar domains in the plasma membrane (PM) is critical for many fundamental processes, e.g., polar cell growth and growth guidance but remains poorly characterized. Rapid tip growth of Arabidopsis pollen tubes requires dynamic d
but reaches a much higher level during the first pollen grain mitosis44. In addition, cellulose and lignified thickenings, which are essential for anther dehiscence, are deposited in the endothecium during microspore maturation49. During rice anther maturation, reducing sugar contents increase while ...
Maize and longstamen rice were focused on. Here, we report for the first time that anthers of Poaceae lose the locular free liquid during late-microspore to early pollen stages; the majority of pollen grains arranged in a tight peripheral whorl develops normally and reaches maturity in the ...