The first polio outbreak in the United States of America (USA) was in the late 1940s [6]. Poliovirus disease reached its highest incidence in the USA in the year 1952 with a total number of 20,000 paralytic polio cases [7]. The last polio case in the USA was in 1993 which was ...
Polio cases in USA from Jan 1970 till Dec 1983
Fig. 1. The trend of polio cases from 2000 to August 30, 2022. Data are from WHO (https://extranet.who.int/polis/public/CaseCount.aspx) and GPEI (https://polioeradication.org/polio-today/polio-now/this-week/circulating-vaccine-derived-poliovirus/). The cessation of the type 2 component...
Wild poliovirus cases have fallen by more than 99 percent since 1988, from an estimated 350,000 cases in more than 125 endemic countries to six reported cases in 2021. Of the three strains of wild poliovirus, type 2 was eradicated in 1999 and type 3 was eradicated in 2020. As of 2022,...
The Global Polio Eradication Initiative by the World Health Organization (WHO) has resulted in 99% fewer cases since 1988 by using two very effective vaccines: the live, attenuated oral polio vaccine (OPV), developed by Sabin, or the formaldehyde-inactivated vaccine (IPV), developed by Salk2,...
* Building on the work of Dr. David Bodian, (15) Bruno described the presence of extensive poliovirus damage throughout the brain and spinal cord even in cases of "non-paralytic" polio and in muscles seemingly unaffected by the poliovirus, calculating that there are 150,000 undiagnosed polio ...
It was subsequently found that circulating VDPV2 was the predominant strain for paralytic poliomyelitis outbreaks; in 2020–22 circulating VDPV2 was responsible for 97–99% of cases of polio globally.15 Over the past 10 years, this consortium has evolved into a global partnership to include ...
In the cases where the needle length was less than 0.5 mm, fluid leakage on the surface of the skin was observed. On the other hand, in the cases where the needle was longer than 0.5 mm, leakage on the surface of the skin decreased; however the wheal diameter was 3 mm or less. ...
No fatal cases were reported during the trials. Only two serious events in the booster trial (ileus paralytic and diarrhoea) were assessed as possibly related to the vaccine. No differences in the frequencies of AEs between the IPV-Al and IPV groups were observed. These results, together with...
In the cases where the needle length was less than 0.5 mm, fluid leakage on the surface of the skin was observed. On the other hand, in the cases where the needle was longer than 0.5 mm, leakage on the surface of the skin decreased; however the wheal diameter was 3 mm or less. ...