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2022). Outside the specific example of this case study based on Twitter data, for which the bias was due to a different use of swearing by AAE speakers, it is evident how searching for such a bias in general is not straightforward and requires a certain understanding of how languages work...
In this paper, the extent to which Pakistan’s national and provincial water, agriculture, and energy sector policies, development plans and strategies are aligned in a CC policy coherent manner is established. In this context, a qualitative content document analysis with associated scoring is used...
It is these third-generation transitions- and missions-oriented innovation policies that is the main interest of this paper. We place both these two perspectives under a common umbrella that we call transformative innovation policy (TIP).1 Under this umbrella, there seems to be agreement on two ...
It might also be relevant, for example, for updating an earlier RP paper, where it is not necessary to repeat the literature review, methodology etc.• Discussion Papers - occasionally published on important topical issues where views differ; where such a paper has been accepted in principle,...
Scientific evidence regularly guides policy decisions1, with behavioural science increasingly part of this process2. In April 2020, an influential paper3 proposed 19 policy recommendations (‘claims’) detailing how evidence from behavioural science coul
This paper measures the 2007–13 evolution of employment tax rates in the U.K. and the U.S. The U.S. changes are greater, in the direction of taxing a greater fraction of the value created by employment, and primarily achieved with new implicit tax rates
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When the increase of money proceeds by way of issue of currency notes or inconvertible bank-notes, at first only certain economic agents benefit and the additional quantity of money only spreads gradually through the whole community. If, for example, there is an issue of paper money in time ...
The purposes of this paper are to examine what challenges uncertainties of economic policy will bring to Chinese energy production, does a cointegration relationship exist in the trends of energy production and EPU? And what kinds of time series have a role during long- and short-run periods?