The climate of polar regions is highly sensitive to changes in climate forcing, but also displays large internal variability. Over recent decades, northern polar regions have warmed more than twice the global average with sea-ice decreasing trends for all months of the year, especially in late su...
(1.1) Perennial polar caps continuously present for longer than 1 year under current climatic conditions. These are composed of ice(s) of any volatile material that maintains its solid phase perennially at the coldest regions that include the polar latitudes. Polar caps and/or other glaciation aro...