Wikipedia had a good article on the investiture controversy (http://www.nationsonline.org/oneworld/History/Germany-history.htm) (https://www.britannica.com/place/Germany/Charlemagne) We’d like to thank the folks at Beliefnet for the letter from James Madison referencing Luther’s influence.Podc...
This time, we will look at some of the popes and events which shaped the papacy’s up and down status with monarchs throughout Europe. Old friends Charles “The Hammer”, Pepin the Short, Charlemagne, Otto the Great, and Henry IV are sometimes allies and sometimes foes of popes such as...