FIG. 3 is clearly self-explanatory and it is pointed out that the various symbols employed are explained by appropriate legends. The process illustrated is a synthesis gas generator and four of the parameters are indicated by the captions "Quench Level," "Oxygen," "Process Water or Carrier Gas...
The relevant symbols are explained in Table 1. In this design, the grasping space depends on the flange radius \({\mathbf{R}}_{{\varvec{f}}}\) and the SPA bending degree. We set \({\mathbf{R}}_{{\varvec{f}}}\)=25 mm. To meet the design’s grasp space requirements, we de...
Intake valve opening LP Low-pressure LVDT Linear variable differential transformer PFI Port fuel injection PTFE Polytetrafluoroethylene SI Spark ignition SOI Start of injection TDC Top dead center Physical units dCA Degree crank angle Symbols α Crank angle position Acurtain Curtain area Aeff Effective...
through a first vacuum line 505 connected to a first three-way valve 506 set to direct air to a second vacuum line 507 connected to a compressor 116, where it is then discharged through a first compressor line 510 connected to a second three-way valve 511 set to discharge air into the ...
27. An actuating device as defined in claim 25, wherein the pressure-medium power cylinder arrangement has a movable disengagement bearing arrangement side, the control valve being configured to operate on the pressure balance principle so that by being changed over between the control states the ...
The symbols N, m, and b represent the number of turns of the braid along the length, number of strands of braid, as well as the length of a single braid strand, respectively. P is the input pressure, F represents the muscle force, and the strain in the bladder along the axial ...
If a solenoid valve is connected to a failsafe output, the test pulses often cause the LED on the solenoid valve to flicker at the same speed as the pulses and a clicking can be heard in the solenoid valve. That clearly shows that these test pulses have an eff...
All parameters and symbols that we use within this paper are listed and explained in Table A4 in the Appendix A. Figure 5. Overview of the available laboratory test stand, presented in [3], drive unit a, proportional valves b, air supply c, power supply d, PLC control e, Ethernet ...