Table 1: Pluripotent cells vs. Totipotent cells Pluripotent cellsTotipotent cells Define pluripotent: Stem cells that have the capability to differentiate into three primary embryonic germ layers Define totipotent: Stem cells that have the capability to differentiate into any type of body cell or tissue...
·全能干细胞(totipotent stem cell)如受精卵和未分化的胚胎,可以被视作生命的起点,拥有无限分化潜能,可分化成所有的组织和器官。而全能干细胞一旦继续分化,就会失去一部分潜能变成多能干细胞(pluripotent stem cell),无法再发育成完整个体。·多能干细胞再分化下去可成为专能干细胞(multipotent stem cell),直到分化...
Totipotency refers to the ability of a cell to generate all of the cell types of an organism. Unlike pluripotency, the establishment of totipotency is poorly understood. In mouse embryonic stem cells, Dux drives a small percentage of cells into a totipotent state by expressing 2-cell-embryo-...
The first lineage choice in human embryo development separates trophectoderm from the inner cell mass. Naïve human embryonic stem cells are derived from the inner cell mass and offer possibilities to explore how lineage integrity is maintained. Here,
In this work, we show that lowering sumoylation facilitates reprogramming to pluripotency in vitro and in vivo, transdifferentiation, directed differentiation, and conversion of pluripotent to totipotent-like cells, suggesting that SUMO acts as a general barrier to cell-fate transitions. Mechanistically,...
Pancreatic β cells differentiated from stem cells provide promise for cell replacement therapy of diabetes. Human pluripotent stem cells could be differentiated into definitive endoderm, followed by pancreatic progenitors, and then subjected to endocrinal differentiation and maturation in a stepwise fashion...
(Fig.1b). Analysis of cell cycle at P5 showed that cells under primed state displayed extended G1 phase (Additional file1: Figure S1b), in contrast to naïve mESCs with shorter G1 phase [48,49]. The primed cells expressed two core pluripotent factors Oct4 and Nanog, but at levels ...
Mammalian development requires the specification of over 200 cell types from a single totipotent cell. Investigation of the regulatory networks that are responsible for pluripotency in embryo-derived stem cells is fundamental to understanding mammalian development and realizing therapeutic potential. Extracellul...
Naive pluripotent stem cells derived directly from isolated cells of the human inner cell mass. Stem Cell Rep. 6, 437–446 (2016). Article CAS Google Scholar Sahakyan, A. et al. Human naive pluripotent stem cells model X chromosome dampening and X inactivation. Cell Stem Cell 20, 87–...
Other kinds of stem cells called pluripotent or even totipotent stem cells have the potential to give rise to any of the 200+ cell types in all three germ layers. The following are the two types of pluripotent stem cells defined by their tissue origin: (i) embryonic stem (ES) cells ...