2. Metabolomics aims to systematically measure small molecules and provides a snapshot of metabolic activity, capturing both genetic and environmental influences on disease pathogenesis3. The integration of genomics and metabolomics has been increasingly leveraged in efforts...
n-3 PUFAs also contribute to the structural integrity and fluidity of neuronal membranes11. Of the n-3 PUFAs, DHA is particularly important in the brain, where it comprises ~90% of n-3 PUFA content and 10–20% of the brain’s total lipids12. In addition to its neuronal membrane ...
Lack of CD40L results in an inability to undergo immunoglobulin class switch and only class IgM antibodies can be generated. CD40L exists as a membrane-bound form with a molecular weight of 33 kDa and as a soluble form with a molecular weight of 18 kDa. Soluble CD40L (sCD40L) is stored ...
Gangliosides are sialylated glycosphingolipids that are localised mostly to the plasma membrane in neuronal lipid rafts. They are known to play roles in various processes such as receptor interactions and apoptosis. GM3 is one of the simpler gangliosides that predominate in the periphery while it...
The pleiotropic role of ʟ-glutamine (Gln) in cellular functions makes inhibition of Gln metabolism a potentially good candidate for combination therapy. Here, we show that PCM cells, both sensitive and resistant to PIs, express membrane Gln transporter (ASCT2), require extracellular Gln for ...
In particular, the reactive oxygen/nitrogen species including H2O2, Ox, NO2, NOx, which lead to depolarization of the mitochondrial membrane and mitochondrial ROS accumulation that displayed a compromised redox status evident from increased NADP+/NADPH levels, reduced the GSH/GSSG ratios and enhanced...
During this process, the membrane surface undergoes a bombardment with electrons and ions from the plasma-phase. The kinetic energy of these species can be in the range of several electron volts and are thereby able to break any bond in polymeric materials, which thereby is etched as low ...
These functional groups can be used to covalently attach cell-penetrating peptides (CPPs), which can facilitate the cellular uptake of the hydrogel by promoting the endocytosis or direct translocation of the hydrogel across the cell membrane [106]. Similarly, Xu et al. (2023) reported the ...
Step-by-Step Solution1. Definition of Plasma Membrane: The plasma membrane, also known as the cell membrane, is a biological membrane that separates and protects the interior of the cell from the external envir
In this paper we present evidence showing that two plant staphylococcal-like nucleases belong to a new, as yet unidentified class of eukaryotic nucleases, characterized by unique plasma membrane localization. The identification of this class of nucleases indicates that plant cells possess additional, so...