cells are enriched with high inflammation, IFNG, IgG expression, and self-identified Black race (a–d). Dashed horizontal and vertical lines indicate the median for tertiary lymphoid structure activity and plasma cells, respectively.χ2P-values are all two-sided. Abbreviation: IFNG interferon gamma...
Durable antibody immunity depends on long-lived plasma cells (LLPCs) that primarily reside in the bone marrow (BM). However, due to LLPC rarity, it has not been possible to define their phenotypes or determine their heterogeneity. By single-cell mRNA sequencing, cytometry and a genetic pulse...
These are proteins that normally function within cells but can be released into plasma as a result of cell death or damage. These proteins include many of the most important diagnostic markers, e.g. cardiac troponins, creatine kinase, or myoglobin used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction....
In general, PAW can be produced by non-thermal atmospheric plasmas, often named cold plasmas, which are characterized by relatively weak ionization and by an electron temperature much higher than that of ions. This condition favours the presence of excited atoms and molecules which, when ...
4-8. Hemoglobin is normally restricted to erythrocytes, albumin,β1-globulin,α1-lipoprotein (HDL) and fibrinogen are synthesized by the liver, and the γ-globulins are produced by lymphoid tissue (i.e., plasma cells). Plasma proteins constitute about 7% of plasma by volume; thus only 93%...
The created and merged Seurat object incorporated 49,333 cells and 32,738 features. Firstly, in order to obtain high-quality data on single-cell RNA expression, the following filtering standard was established: 1. exclusion of genes with expression lower than five counts in one cell; 2. ...
making unsaturated fatty acid peroxides and oxidized amino acids. This process creates morphological changes and, at last, microorganism lysis. These observations explain this method's efficiency despite repair mechanisms in microbial cells in other sterilization methods such as UV [8]. A group reported...
B cells are made predominantly in the early germinal center (GC)Long-lived bone marrow resident plasma cells are made very late in the GC responseSubsets of memory B cells are also produced in a temporal orderA substantial fraction of long-lived IgM memory B cells are made prior to GC ...
Platelets derived from megakaryocytes in the bone marrow are anucleated blood cells with a life span of 7 to 10 days in humans, and a bit shorter in mice [19]. They are easy to isolate and have an active role in wound healing and tissue repair due to their α-granules content [20...
Age-matched naive cohorts served as control for natural IgM cells. Natural IgM cells produce natural IgM antibodies, which are constantly present in the serum and provide an early, polyreactive response against pathogens12. To assess longevity, we first immunized mice with hydroxy-3-nitrophenyl...