Further research on the structure, evolution, regulation, and biological function of functionally distinct ammonia-lyases has multiple implications for improving the economics of the agri-food and biofuel industries.doi:10.1016/j.tplants.2019.09.011Jaime Barros...
Contig mRNA Basal internode Ear internode Maize phenylpropanoid and lignin pathway related genes F2 F2bm3/F2 AS225/F2 F2 F2bm3/F2 AS225/F2 Phenylalanine/Tyrosine ammonia-lyase (PAL/TAL, MZPAL) Cinnamate 4-hydroxylase 2 (C4H2) 4-Coumarate:CoA ligase 2 (4CL2) Caffeic acid O-methyltransferase...
The other one was chosen from Trichosporon cutaneum (TcPAL), which was a novel phenylalanine/tyrosine ammonia-lyases exhibiting high activities toward both L-phenylalanine and L-tyrosine20. 4CL from Petroselinum crispum and STS from Vitis vinifera served as the second and third enzyme because these...
in the first phase of infection, pathogens secrete plant cell wall-degrading enzymes (CWDE): polygalacturonases (PG), pectin lyases (PL) and pectin methylesterases (PME), as well as cellulases and hemicellulases [2]. In turn, the degradation of the plant ...
Of the 30 probe sets differentially regulated at 12 hpi, eight encode for phenylalanine ammonia lyases which catalyse the first committed enzymatic reaction of phenylpropanoid biosynthesis. Expression of these probe sets remained highly induced (up to 70-fold induction) throughout the time course. ...
glutamate, glutamic acid; F, phenylalanine; G, glycine; H histidine; I isoleucine; K, lysine; L, leucine; M, methionine; N, asparagine; P, proline; Q, glutamine; R, arginine; S, serine; T, threonine; V, valine; W, tryptophan; Y, tyrosine; Z, glutamine or glutamic acid (see L....
Kato H, Wada M, Muraya K, Malik K, Shiraishi T, Yamada T (1995) Characterization of nuclear factors for elicitor-mediated activation of the promoter of the pea phenylalanine ammonia-lyase gene 1. Plant Physiol 108:129–139 Article PubMed CAS Google Scholar Kawakami S, Watanabe Y, Beachy ...
Endophytes are crucial for the promotion of rice growth and stress tolerance and can be used to increase rice crop yield. Endophytes can thus be exploited
3b). Among the genes encoding for phenylalanine ammonia lyases (PAL), VIT_06s0004g02620 was down-regulated (> 3-fold) during late stress period. In agreement with the metabolite response in the phenylpropanoid pathway, transcripts encoding for anthocyanidin reductase (ANR) (VIT_00s0361g00040)...
Lignin, an essential secondary metabolite produced through the phenylalanine/tyrosine metabolic pathway in plant cells, plays a fundamental role in plant growth and development. Its biosynthesis is a complex process consisting of three steps: (1) the production of lignin monomers, (2) their transporta...