A whole plant is composed of two main organ systems: the shoot and the root. The shoot system is the aerial part, whereas theroot systemis theunderground part. Each organ system is composed of various specialized organs. Stem, leaf, flower, and fruit are organs that make up the shoot sys...
or branches that reiterate the main shoot system. In the reproductive phase of development,inflorescencemeristems produce floral meristems, which produce floral organs. Continual organ initiation allows plant architecture to be flexible and respond to changing environmental conditions, resulting in plants ...
plant examples are given so that you can see for yourself, and many of those plants can be easily found either as a common garden plant or indoor houseplant. This means that you don’t have to travel the world to familiarize yourself with these concepts, instead you can...
Table 4. Examples of differences in tissue water content values in various succulent plant species. Rapid uptake and recharge of water in storage tissues is supported by the development of three-dimensional venation system in leaves instead of the common two-dimensional one [139]. Decreased venati...
The expression of the flg22 receptor FLS2 in pWER::FLS2-GFP is limited to the root epidermis such that potential interorgan shoot-to-root signal after flg22 perception is minimized. The plates were sealed with 3M tape and transferred to the phytochamber for incubation. One week after ...
Note: What is an organelle? An organelle is a specialized part of a cell having some specific function, a sort of cell organ. Organelles are only found in eukaryotes (plant and animal cells). The nucleus, mitochondria,ribosomesand chloroplasts are examples of organelles. ...
The skin, being the largest organ, serves as the primary defense against external factors like ultraviolet radiation, oxidative stress, and physical injuries. However, when exposed to the external environment, the skin is vulnerable to harm. As mentioned earlier, PDNVs have the potential to combat...
In plants, the shoot apical meristem (SAM) is a domed structure at the aerial growth tip that contains stem cells that generate daughter cells that will differentiate to become above-ground organs. The balance of organ initiation and stem-cell maintenance leads to constraints in SAM size and sh...
and it is a paradigmatic example of bacterial cellular differentiation19and sociomicrobiological interactions20. The rhizobia intra-cellularly colonize plant cells of a specialized organ known as a root (or stem) nodule. The intra-cellular rhizobia (referred to as bacteroids) are surrounded by a pla...
Organ culture carries certain advantages over conventional methods for propagation of whole plants, e.g., plant cells under in vitro conditions produce varied quantities of secondary metabolites. This system is more manageable and reliable. • Useful compound production under controlled physical and ...