These substances are classified as plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs) and consist of the pesticidal substance(s) and the genetic material necessary for its production. EPA's regulatory focus is the PIP, but not the plant. EPA has exempted from regulation PIPs that are moved among sexually ...
For plant incorporated protectants (PIPs) expressed by GMPs, dietary exposure is the only relevant exposure route. Ants exhibit a diverse dietary spectrum, including plant material, honey dew collection, fungal cultivation, scavenging, and predation. Notably, foraging for dead or weakened arthropods, ...
This chapter provides a discussion on EPA regulation of pest control traits expressed in living plants, termed Plant-Incorporated Protectants (PIPs). These are regulated as pesticides and, as such, require assessment by EPA prior to field testing and commercialization. This chapter provides a ...
Plant-incorporated protectantsTransgenic cropsBacillus thuringiensisBt cornIncreasing interest in the responsible management of technology in the industrial and ... JA Glaser,SR Matten - 《Biotechnology Advances》 被引量: 1146发表: 2003年 Genetic engineering of crop plants for insect resistance - a criti...
Federal regulation of plant-incorporated protectants in the United States: implications for use of bioengineered pesticides in forest restoration All plants have natural defense mechanisms against pests, which often include protective compounds. In the United States, when these protective compounds a... ...
This resilience was attributed to enhanced salt-adaptation processes, including the accumulation of osmoprotectants, potassium ions, and phenolic antioxidants, alongside reduced oxidative stress marker malondialdehyde (MDA). The reduction in enzymes activities at both NaCl concentrations, suggest a shift ...
halting the dispersal or infection within the plant. Systemic fungicides can be used as protectants, eradicators, or both and are the most recently developed. However, since systemic fungicides usually have a very specific site of action in the target fungus, fungi may readily develop resistance ...
detergents and crop protectants. Innovative intermediates from BASF help to improve both the properties of final products and the efficiency of production processes. The ISO 9001 certified Intermediates division operates plants at production sites in Europe, Asia and North America. Around the globe the...
From the 1970s onwards, the increasing regulatory requirements and development of widespread resistance led to a search for new pesticide sources. Olson (2015) highlighted the increasing significance of biopesticides, including microbial, biochemical, and plant-incorporated protectants (PIPs). The projectio...
According with the definition of EPA, Biopesticides fall into three major classes: Biochemical pesticides, Microbial pesticides and Plant-Incorporated-Protectants (PIPs). A growing body of literature reports effective results using these alternative approaches in the citrus supply chain (Chen et al. ...