The cell wall of a plant is made up of cellulose. Cellulose is a long, linear polymer of several glucose molecules. Q5 Where does photosynthesis occur in plant cells? Photosynthesis occurs inside the chloroplast of the plant cells. Chloroplast consists of a green pigment called chlorophyll. The...
There has been some confusion about the use of the term hormones for these intercellular signaling molecules, because the definition of a “hormone” for plants is not exactly the same as with animals [10]. In animals, hormones do not affect the cells in which they are produced, but only ...
Plant biomassis the largest abundantbioresourceavailable on Earth. Plant cells comprise cellulose,hemicellulose, and lignin in the plant cell wall; starch, protein, fat, vitamins and minerals in the plant cytoplasm; and other macro and micromolecules distributed all over the cells. These chemicals ar...
Hemicelluloses consist of glucose molecules arranged end to end as in cellulose, with short side chains of xylose and other uncharged sugars attached to one side of the ribbon. The other side of the ribbon binds tightly to the surface of cellulose fibrils, thereby coating the microfibrils with...
Notably, Peng and colleagues found that co-culturing bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs) with ginseng-derived nanovesicles resulted in the internalization of numerous miRNAs from the PDNVs into the BMSCs. These specific miRNAs were found to target genes associated with the regulation of ...
Citation124 Similarly, hvu-MIR168-3p extracted from rice aleurone cells facilitates the upregulation of glucose transporter 1 (SLC2A1) expression in human cells, leading to decreased blood glucose levels. The mechanism for this effect may be related to the silencing of mitochondrial electron ...
Cell therapy is the frontier technology of biotechnology innovation and the most promising method for the treatment of refractory diseases such as tumours. However, cell therapy has disadvantages, such as toxicity and poor therapeutic effects. Plant extr
Lee et al. discovered two synthetic small molecules (Maya1 and Maya2) that interact with the plant flagellin receptor FLS2 in Arabidopsis. These molecules weakly activate FLS2, eliciting an atypical immune response that helps protect plants from bacterial infection. ...
2021, Molecular Omics Biosynthesis and functions of very‐long‐chain fatty acids in the responses of plants to abiotic and biotic stresses 2021, Cells Novel Chemical and Biological Insights of Inositol Derivatives in Mediterranean Plants 2022, Molecules View all citing articles on Scopus ...
These structures are known to contain diverse endophytic microorganisms that are inherited vertically from mother plants, including seeds [39,64]. The number of endophytic cells may be low compared to mature plants; the roots emerge and interact with the microbiota of the bulk soil, and forms ...