Finally, the cellular structure is generally simplified, resulting in some loss of curvature of cell walls as well as the removal of small gaps between cells. As an example, Fig. 6 depicts the segmented splines overlaid onto the original microscope image for a sample of Arrabidacea verugosa,...
Moreover, we did not detect over-expressed proteins in the protoplast medium which suggests that under the tested conditions they are not secreted from the cell (data not shown). These results show that CAN nucleases probably do not change their cellular localization under stress conditions that ...
The complex organic polymer, lignin, abundant in plants, prevents the efficient extraction of sugars from the cell walls that is required for large scale biofuel production. Because lignin removal is crucial in overcoming this challenge, the question of how the nanoscale properties of the plant cell...
Following a 48 h incubation period under long-day conditions consisting of 16 h of light exposure, the cells were subjected to observation using a laser confocal microscope (Leica TCS SP8, Germany). Stress tolerance experiment of transgenic yeast The INVSc1 yeast strain (Invitrogen, USA) was ...
The delivery of genetic material into plants has been historically challenging due to the cell wall barrier, which blocks the passage of many biomolecules. Carbon nanotube-based delivery has emerged as a promising solution to this problem and has been sh
Long and short term live cell imaging Videos were acquired on a compound light microscope using the audio video interleave (AVI) capture function in NIS-Elements AR software version 3.0. Long term live cell imaging (~72 h) experiments were carried out using window stage leaves where PCD was ...
Confocal images were taken on Olympus FluoView FV1000 based on IX81 microscope using PLAPO 100x/1.45 and UPLSAPO 60x/1.35 objectives. GFP was excited by 473 nm solid state laser and its emission was detected from 485 to 545 nm. Images were processed and analysed using CellR and FV10-...
under the influence of different agents of stress on both sides (pathogen or antagonist), especially in the zone of interaction. Processes related to lipid-, carbon-, cell membrane- and cell wall metabolism, cell defence, self protection against oxidative stress, transcription and pathogenesis are ...
from the non-upregulated polyporopepsin is also found in chewed-up leaf pulp after other enzymes such as the fecal fluid, it might be that these proteases cleave pectinases (Schiøtt et al., 2010) have partially very specific target sequences so they would not broken down the cell walls...
To avoid cell toxicity of the organic phase, an alginate suspension is dripped into a chitosan solution, and the resulting mixture is further dripped into a solution of chitosan (acetic acid 1% at pH 4) under continuous stirring. The use of this method to encapsulate bacterial cells is ...